L’économie solidaire sous le prisme du genre : une analyse critique et possibiliste

Abstract

Cet article propose d'étudier l'économie solidaire sous le prisme du genre à partir d'un double regard, critique et possibiliste. Ce double regard, inspiré à la fois de l'économie substantive polanyienne et des recherches féministes, éclaire la manière dont les pratiques d'économie solidaire renouvellent l'économique et le politique, compris ici à la fois comme catégories d'action et de pensée. Il met aussi en lumière les chemins multiples et sinueux de l'émancipation, fruit d'un entremêlement entre principes d'échange dont l'équilibre est en renouvellement permanent.

Social Reproduction: A Key Issue for Feminist Solidarity Economy

“…Studies and policies on solidarity economy are increasing worldwide, especially in Europe and Latin America (Hart et al, 2010;Utting, 2015;Vaillancourt, 2013;Saguier & Brent, 2014;Rivera Ruiz, 2019). Yet only a limited body of literature is specifically concerned with building up a feminist approach of solidarity economy (to name but a few Guérin, 2003;Nobre, 2003;Matthaei, ;Guérin et al, 2011;Degavre & Saussey, 2015;Farah, 2016;Saussey2018;Guérin 2019;Hillenkamp & Lucas dos Santos, 2019). The main part of the growing literature on solidarity economy remains surprisingly gender-blind, although solidarity economy initiatives are highly gendered, and a majority of persons involved are subaltern women.…”

Solidarity Economy Under a Feminist Lens: A Critical and Possibilist Analysis

“…In this theoretical approach, none of the four principles is by nature solidarity-based, but each one entails solidarity and democratic modalities. The construction of the solidarity economy represents the dispute for a more democratic and solidarity-based organization of the reproduction of life, which takes place both in the sphere of families and communities, in those organizations directed towards production and the market, and in the sphere of social policies and the relationship with the state (Hillenkamp, 2019).…”

“…However, apart from a relevant yet limited body of feminist literature on solidarity economy, the rising awareness of SE among academics and politicians remains largely gender-blind, despite the fact that they are highly gendered and that women play a major role in it (see Chapter 2). This literature was mainly developed in French-, Spanishand Portuguese-speaking circles and has often remained inaccessible to English-speaking researchers and actors (Guérin et al, 2019). Moreover, quantitative evidence is scarce because official definitions of SE, when they exist, most often exclude a large number of female-led initiatives.…”

“…Although quantitative evidence is lacking, field observations show that a large number of sub-sectors within SE are predominantly female-based (Hillenkamp et al, 2019). Collective food services are largely, and many times even exclusively, female (Anderson, 2015;Hersent, 2015;Ndoye, 2014), as are food processing cooperatives in low-income communities (Hainard & Verschuur, 2005;Ypeij, 2002).…”