“…Second, there is much evidence across orthographies of varying transparency that explicit instruction promotes the development of orthographic knowledge (Graham & Santangelo, 2014;Schlagal, 2007;Simonsen & Gunter, 2001). Studies that have tested the effects of explicit instruction within the context of specific training programs have shown benefits for students in terms of their gains in orthographic knowledge related to the phonological, morphological, and visual aspects of the code (Casalis & Colé, 2009;Daffern, 2017;Daigle et al, 2020;Fayol et al, 2013;Marin & Lavoie, 2017;McLaughlin et al, 2013;Squires & Wolter, 2016). Considering that the study done by Daigle et al (2020) was, to our knowledge, the only one to address explicit instruction of visual properties of written words in French, other studies are needed.…”