La place de l’étude des écrits dans l’approche psychopathologique du spiritisme (1850–1950)

Maléfan, Pascal Le

doi:10.24894/gesn-fr.2011.68003

Cited by 15 publications

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“…Seventeen thousand people responded to the question “Have you ever had a realistic impression of seeing, hearing or being touched by a living being or an inanimate object that didn't seem to have an external cause when you were completely awake?.” One in every 10 people responded affirmatively to this question, and recent studies suggest that this proportion remains approximately the same in the present day (Johns et al, 2004 ). However, the epistemological and sociological status of these experiences, along with their complexity, and their unthinkable nature at this time (Méheust, 1999 ), led them to become progressively marginalized in mainstream psychology during the twentieth century (Le Maléfan, 2000 ; Evrard, 2014 ).…”

Section: The Psychology Of Anomalous Experiencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anomalous Experiences, Trauma, and Symbolization Processes at the Frontiers between Psychoanalysis and Cognitive Neurosciences

Rabeyron

Loose

2015

Front. Psychol.

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Anomalous or exceptional experiences are uncommon experiences which are usually interpreted as being paranormal by those who report them. These experiences have long remained difficult to explain, but current progress in cognitive neuroscience and psychoanalysis sheds light on the contexts in which they emerge, as well as on their underlying processes. Following a brief description of the different types of anomalous experiences, we underline how they can be better understood at the frontiers between psychoanalysis and cognitive neurosciences. In this regard, three main lines of research are discussed and illustrated, alongside clinical cases which come from a clinical service specializing in anomalous experiences. First, we study the links between anomalous experiences and hallucinatory processes, by showing that anomalous experiences frequently occur as a specific reaction to negative life events, in which case they mainly take the form of non-pathological hallucinations. Next, we propose to analyze these experiences from the perspective of their traumatic aspects and the altered states of consciousness they often imply. Finally, these experiences are considered to be the consequence of a hypersensitivity that can be linked to an increase in psychic permeability. In conclusion, these different processes lead us to consider anomalous experiences as primary forms of symbolization and transformation of the subjective experience, especially during, or after traumatic situations.

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Section: The Psychology Of Anomalous Experiencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anomalous Experiences, Trauma, and Symbolization Processes at the Frontiers between Psychoanalysis and Cognitive Neurosciences

Rabeyron

Loose

2015

Front. Psychol.

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“…Psychiatrists dispossessed mediums of their experiences, as they had done with the mystics, medicalizing their trances using theories of hysteria, automatism and hallucination (see, e.g. Edelman, 2003 ; Le Maléfan, 1999 ).…”

Section: Mysticism: a Case For Criminal Law?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mysticism in the courtroom in 19th-century Europe

Graus

2018

History of the Human Sciences

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This article examines how and why criminal proceedings were brought against alleged cases of Catholic mysticism in several European countries during modernity. In particular, it explores how criminal charges were derived from mystical experiences and shows how these charges were examined inside the courtroom. To bring a lawsuit against supposed mystics, justice systems had to reduce their mysticism to ‘facts’ or actions involving a breach of the law, usually fraud. Such accusations were not the main reason why alleged mystics were taken to court, however. Focusing on three representative examples, in Spain, France and Germany, I argue that ‘mystic trials’ had more to do with specific conflicts between the defendant and the ecclesiastical or secular authorities than with public concern regarding pretence of the supernatural. Criminal courts in Europe approached such cases in a similar way. Just as in ecclesiastical inquiries, during the trials, judges called upon expert testimony to debunk the allegedly supernatural. Once a mystic entered the courtroom, his or her reputation was profoundly affected. Criminal lawsuits had a certain ‘demystifying power’ and were effective in stifling the fervour surrounding the alleged mystics. All in all, mystic trials offer a rich example of the ways in which modern criminal justice dealt with increasing enthusiasm for the supernatural during the 19th century.

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“… 4. For overviews emphasizing mediums, see: Alvarado, 2010; Alvarado and Zingrone, 2012; Le Maléfan, 1999; Owen, 1990; Zingrone, 1994. …”

Section: Notes (By Csa and Mb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…He argued that the figure of the medium in French Spiritism affected French psychiatric nosology. Mediumistic trances, visions and automatic writing provided an analogy ‘by which spiritist phenomena … served to refine mechanisms, classifications, etiologies and interpretation systems in psychopathology’ (Le Maléfan, 1999: 47).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cesare Lombroso on mediumship and pathology

Alvarado

Biondi²

2017

Hist Psychiatry

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During the nineteenth century and the first decade of the twentieth, students of pathology such as Cesare Lombroso (1835-1909), the author of the excerpt presented here, became involved in observing, investigating and theorizing about the phenomena of Spiritualism, and mediumship in particular. The Classic Text presented here consists of an excerpt from Lombroso's writings which focus on the Italian medium Eusapia Palladino (1854-1918), who greatly influenced Lombroso's beliefs. Lombroso illustrates neglected theoretical ideas combining the interaction of pathology and what seem to be real psychic phenomena that have not received much attention in historical studies.

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La place de l’étude des écrits dans l’approche psychopathologique du spiritisme (1850–1950)

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Anomalous Experiences, Trauma, and Symbolization Processes at the Frontiers between Psychoanalysis and Cognitive Neurosciences

Anomalous Experiences, Trauma, and Symbolization Processes at the Frontiers between Psychoanalysis and Cognitive Neurosciences

Mysticism in the courtroom in 19th-century Europe

Cesare Lombroso on mediumship and pathology

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