Labor force participation of married women in Punjab (Pakistan)

Abstract

Access to this document was granted through an Emerald subscription provided by emerald-srm:198285 [] For AuthorsIf you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.comEmerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and additional customer resources and services.Emerald is both COUNTER 4 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archive preservation. AbstractPurpose -The purpose of this paper is to highlight the factors that influence the decision of married women (in the age group of 16-60 years) to participate in labor force activities. Design/methodology/approach -This is an empirical study employing the non-linear maximum likelihood probability (probit) function on primary data (3,911 observations). Findings -Besides other variables it has been observed that poverty remains an important determinant of female labor participation. Research limitations/implications -On the basis of this paper, a socio-economic policy can be formulated for a developing country like Pakistan. Practical implications -A development policy (especially considering the gender aspects) can be formulated on the basis of this research for the enhancement of human resource development for a developing and an orthodox economy like Pakistan. Originality/value -This paper is beneficial to researchers, policy makers, and social scientists for the enhancement of the level of social welfare and equity through its findings.

Examining the roles of labor factors, investment, and industrialization in poverty alleviation: Empirical evidence from Sumatra, Indonesia

“…The more female laborers in the area, the more poverty will increase. This result supports the previous study by Batana (2013) and Azid et al (2010). In Sumatra, for poor households, some wives also work to increase their families' income.…”

“…This is because the majority work as domestic workers. Azid et al (2010) stated that in Pakistan, poverty had pushed more women to work in the informal sector, which has low productivity and pay. Begum Sadaquat and Sheikh (2011) also stated that many women work in the agricultural sector as unpaid family workers in Pakistan.…”

Why labor force participation rate rises? New empirical evidence from Indonesia

“…For instance, the textile sector, life cycles, marital status, and the number of children (Dayıoğlu & Kirdar, 2010;Luque, 2013), labor market slack (AaronSon et al, 2014), age and cohort effect (Balleer, Gómez-Salvador & Turunen, 2009), health status (Cai, 2009), ageing (Reddy, 2016;Blagrave & Santoro, 2017), health expenditures, gross capital formation, mortality rate, secondary school enrolment, life expectancy (Mushtaq, Mohsin, & Zaman, 2013), structural transformation, education and real wage (Mehrotra & Parida, 2017), unemployment rate, gross domestic product per capita, fertility rate (Taşseven, Altaş, & Ün, 2016) and life expectancy (Rechel, Doyle, Grundy & McKee, 2009). Further to that, women-related issues can also contribute to an increase in labor force participation, for example, female education, sectoral employment share, unemployment rate, wages, marital status (Fatima & Sultana, 2009), poverty and women workers (Azid, Khan & Alamasi, 2010), and unemployment rate for females (Özerkek, 2014).…”

“…By using the non-linear maximum likelihood probability function, Azid, Khan, and Alamasi (2010) found that poverty determines female labor participation. Their results showed that poverty pushes the married women to participate in the labor market.…”