Laboratory characterization of rainfall-induced loess slope failure

Wu, Lizhou; Zhou, Yingxin; Sun, Peide; Shi, Jusong; Liu, G.G.; Bai, Long

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2016.11.002

Cited by 206 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…where O i is the ith observed value, O i is the average observed value of all of the observed events, Y i is the ith predicted value, and N is the total number of events. The higher the NSE values were, the better the model performed, as it represented the level of agreement between the observed and predicted values [29]. The values of the RMSE showed the opposite result, namely, the lower the RMSE values were, the better the model performed.…”

Section: Accuracy Assessment Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of Residue Cover on Infiltration Process of the Black Soil Under Rainfall Simulations

Yan

Xie

Liu

2019

Water

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Residue cover is widely used for soil conservation after crop harvesting in the black soil region of the Northeastern China, which influences infiltration. It is necessary to optimize infiltration models for accurate predictions under bare and residue cover slope conditions. Rainfall simulation experiments were conducted to quantify the infiltration for the black soil under four rainfall intensities (30, 60, 90, and 120 mm/h), five residue coverage controls (15%, 35%, 55%, 75%, and bare slope), and two soil moisture (8% and approximately 30%) conditions. The observed data were used to fit and compare four infiltration models by Kostiakov, Mein and Larson (short for GAML, a modification of GreenAmpt model made by Mein and Larson), Horton, and Philip under the bare slope conditions. The residue cover infiltration factor (RCFi) was derived to predict the infiltration under the residue cover slopes, which was defined as the ratio of infiltration from residue-covered soil to that from bare soil. The results showed that the newly derived equation coupling the Philip model with the RCFi was the most accurate way of predicting the cumulative infiltration of black soil under various residue covers, and could be applied to the black soil region for residue cover infiltration predictions.

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Section: Accuracy Assessment Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of Residue Cover on Infiltration Process of the Black Soil Under Rainfall Simulations

Yan

Xie

Liu

2019

Water

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“…The effects of rainfall properties on slopes have been studied in large amounts of research that have analyzed slope stability by both investigation and simulated models. By the simulation of different conditions of slopes and rainfall boundaries, previous research has indicated the changes of soil unsaturated properties, such as the reduction of suction, shear strength, and the increasing of hydraulic conductivity and pore-water pressure [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Finally, these changes cause slope failure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The change of the area from unsaturated to saturated is caused by the advancement of the wetting front from the surface [4,5,9,13,[21][22][23] and groundwater table from depth [6][7][8][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Those processes were found to be the primary factors controlling the instability of slopes due to rainfall and were greatly affected by rainfall intensity (RI) and soil properties, especially by unsaturated soil hydraulic conductivity [4,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. The unsaturated soil hydraulic conductivity (HC) controls the transient seepage, the depth of rainfall infiltration, the changes in pore pressure during the rainfall event, and finally, affects the FOS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The unsaturated soil hydraulic conductivity (HC) controls the transient seepage, the depth of rainfall infiltration, the changes in pore pressure during the rainfall event, and finally, affects the FOS. The effects of soil hydraulic conductivity on slope stability in the rainy season are usually assessed from the point of view of three topics: (1) the effects of changes in the value of soil hydraulic conductivity and rainfall intensity [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]; (2) the soil anisotropic HC and hydraulic hysteresis [31][32][33][34][35]; (3) the failure delay phenomenon due to the defense of HC and RI [36]. This research focuses on the overview and analysis of the first of these topics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the Effects of Rainfall Intensity and Hydraulic Conductivity on Riverbank Stability

Duong

Yasuhara

2019

Water

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Riverbank failure often occurs in the rainy season, with effects from some main processes such as rainfall infiltration, the fluctuation of the river water level and groundwater table, and the deformation of transient seepage. This paper has the objective of clarifying the effects of soil hydraulic conductivity and rainfall intensity on riverbank stability using numerical analysis with the GeoSlope program. The initial saturation condition is first indicated as the main factor affecting riverbank stability. Analyzing high-saturation conditions, the obtained result can be used to build an understanding of the mechanics of riverbank stability and the effect of both the rainfall intensity and soil hydraulic conductivity. Firstly, the rainfall intensity is lower than the soil hydraulic conductivity; the factor of safety (FOS) reduces with changes in the groundwater table, which is a result of rainwater infiltration and unsteady state flow through the unsaturated soil. Secondly, the rainfall intensity is slightly higher than the soil hydraulic conductivity, the groundwater table rises slowly, and the FOS decreases with both changes in the wetting front and groundwater table. Thirdly, the rainfall intensity is much higher than the soil hydraulic conductivity, and the FOS decreases dominantly by the wetting front and pond loading area. Finally, in cases with no pond, the FOS reduces when the rainfall intensity is lower than hydraulic conductivity. With low hydraulic conductivity, the wetting front is on a shallow surface and descends very slowly. The decreasing of FOS is only due to transient seepage changes of the unsaturated soil properties by losing soil suction and shear strength. These obtained results not only build a clearer understanding of the filtration mechanics but also provide a helpful reference for riverbank protection.

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“…Loess is one of the wind deposited soils which is widely distributed in the Chinese Loess Plateau covering about 6.3×105 km 2 , including Gansu, Ningxia, Shaanxi and Henan provinces, etc [1]. Many loess slope spallilng hazards happened at Loess Plateau area of China due to the influence of heavy rainfall in the past twenty years (Figure 1) [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Dry-wet Cycle on the Formation of Loess Slope Spalling Hazards

Zhang

2018

CivileJournal

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This paper investigates the effect of dry-wet cycle process on the formation of loess slope spalling hazards. Based on the CT scan tests and macroscopic fissures analysis, the fissure variation law of loess samples under different dry-wet cycle times were determined. Through the laboratory direct shear tests, the variation law of shear strength, cohesion and angle of internal friction of loess samples under different dry-wet cycle times and different dry-wet cycle water content variation ranges were discussed. The results show that the natural water contents of Luo-chuan loess were higher than Tong-chuan loess due to it’s higher contents of clay particles. With the increase of dry-wet cycle times, the internal fissure numbers of loess samples increased dramatically. The value of shear strength and cohesion of loess samples in two different areas decreased dramatically due to the increase of dry-wet cycle times. Higher water content variation ranges of dry-wet cycles leaded to lower shear strength of loess samples under the same dry-wet cycle times. Loess slope spalling hazards often happened due to the decrease of shear strength and the occurrence of internal fissures in loess induced by the dry-wet cycle process.

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Laboratory characterization of rainfall-induced loess slope failure

Cited by 206 publications

References 24 publications

Effects of Residue Cover on Infiltration Process of the Black Soil Under Rainfall Simulations

Effects of Residue Cover on Infiltration Process of the Black Soil Under Rainfall Simulations

Assessing the Effects of Rainfall Intensity and Hydraulic Conductivity on Riverbank Stability

Effect of Dry-wet Cycle on the Formation of Loess Slope Spalling Hazards

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