Laboratory diagnosis of pulmonary toxoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Derouin, F.; Sarfati, C.; Beauvais, B; Iliou, Marie Christine; Dehen, L.; Lariviére, M.

doi:10.1128/jcm.27.7.1661-1663.1989

Cited by 63 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…3,26,125 Immuno histochemistry and tissue culture have been recommended for lung biopsies and BAL specimens from human patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). 133,134 Treatment There appears to be no published work comparing the clinical efficacy of drugs used to treat feline toxoplasmosis. A study of clindamycin efficacy in an experimental model of acute toxoplasmosis demonstrated that there was increased morbidity and mortality from hepatitis and interstitial pneumonia in both clindamycin treatment groups (12.5 mg/kg q12h PO and 11 mg/kg q24h PO) compared with both control groups (placebo once or twice daily PO).…”

Section: Toxoplasma Gondiimentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Cats

Foster¹,

Martín

2011

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Toxoplasma Gondiimentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Cats

Foster¹,

Martín

2011

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Techniques to increase the sensitivity of detection of tachyzoites include preparation of BAL samples by cytocentrifugation and use of immunofluorescent techniques. 22 In humans, diagnosis is further facilitated by PCR and tissue culture of BAL fluid. 23 Serology may be used as an adjunct to diagnosing toxoplasmosis though interpretation is complicated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antemortem diagnosis and treatment of toxoplasmosis in two cats on cyclosporin therapy

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Clinical toxoplasmosis was diagnosed antemortem in two cats being treated with therapeutic doses of cyclosporin. The diagnosis was made by detecting tachyzoites on cytological examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from one case and pleural effusion from the other. Despite early diagnosis and aggressive treatment in both cases, only one cat survived. Reactivation of latent Toxoplasma gondii infection secondary to cyclosporin-induced immunosuppression was considered likely in both cases. The presence of respiratory signs in cats treated with cyclosporin should alert clinicians to the possibility of clinical toxoplasmosis. Consideration should be given to determining the serostatus of cats to T gondii prior to use of drugs which are potent inhibitors of cell mediated immunity, such as cyclosporin. Two cases of feline toxoplasmosis are presented.

show abstract

“…The estimated prevalence of pulmonary toxoplasmosis in HIV‐infected patients with respiratory manifestations suggestive of pneumonia is between 2.2 and 4% [1,24,25]. The clinical presentation of toxoplasmic pneumonitis in HIV‐infected patients can manifest itself in two ways: (1) nodular focal pneumonitis which typically occurs in moderately immunocompromised or immunocompetent patients, and (2) severe, rapidly progressive systemic infection with pulmonary involvement occurring in severely immunocompromised patients [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fulminant toxoplasmosis causing fatal pneumonitis and myocarditis

Eza

Lucas

2006

HIV Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The obligate intracellular protozoa Toxoplasma gondii is a serious cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with AIDS. Toxoplasmosis most frequently manifests as life‐threatening encephalitis, although extracerebral sites may be involved with or without toxoplasmic encephalitis. Consequently, toxoplasmosis can present in an unusual manner, and may not be included in the differential diagnosis in the absence of encephalitic symptoms. There are few reports of fulminant toxoplasmic myocarditis resulting in death. Toxoplasmic pneumonitis is responsible for less than 1% of HIV‐related pulmonary complications, and can occasionally cause fatal septic shock. Two such clinicopathological presentations of toxoplasmosis are reported here. One patient presented with cardiorespiratory signs and symptoms, whilst the second patient presented with pneumonitis and renal failure. Neither patient was initially known to be HIV‐infected, nor did they have clinical symptoms indicating toxoplasmic encephalitis. Toxoplasmosis was only diagnosed on autopsy and had resulted in death by causing a fulminant myocarditis and a pneumonitis. As overwhelming toxoplasmosis infection may prove rapidly fatal, these two case reports serve as a clinical reminder to consider toxoplasmosis in the differential diagnosis of HIV‐infected patients who present with severe cardiorespiratory signs and symptoms. Furthermore, the cases emphasize the potential importance of early tissue biopsy in patients presenting with immunosuppression‐associated organ failure, and show the importance of requesting a postmortem examination if the cause of death cannot be ascertained in vivo.

show abstract

Laboratory diagnosis of pulmonary toxoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Cited by 63 publications

References 8 publications

Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Cats

Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Cats

Antemortem diagnosis and treatment of toxoplasmosis in two cats on cyclosporin therapy

Fulminant toxoplasmosis causing fatal pneumonitis and myocarditis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About