Laboratory eating behavior in obesity

Laessle, Reinhold G.; Lehrke, Sonja; Dückers, Sabine

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2006.11.010

Cited by 59 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Eating deceleration over the mealtime, however, did not differ between weight groups, a finding that contrasts with findings from previous studies in children (10,23) but corresponds with findings from some studies in adults (8,24). Methodologic heterogeneity between studies may account for the different findings.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

“…Comparisons between normal-weight and overweight or obese adults by using this methodology have produced mixed findings: some studies reported faster eating or less deceleration over the meal in overweight or obese groups (5,6), but others found no difference (7,8). Methodologic heterogeneity may account for some of these inconsistencies, but the widespread cultural belief that eating slowly aids weight loss also could lead overweight adults to eat more slowly during observed meals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eating rate is a heritable phenotype related to weight in children

Llewellyn

Jaarsveld

Boniface

et al. 2008

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

194

132

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating rate is a heritable phenotype related to weight in children

Llewellyn

Jaarsveld

Boniface

et al. 2008

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

194

132

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“…Slower eating rate is associated with lower energy intake, regardless the type of manipulation used to change the eating rate (e.g., textural changes, instructions, and manner of consumption, see for review (Robinson et al, 2014)). Laboratory studies have shown that obese individuals consume with larger bites (or spoonful), consume at a higher eating rate, and this has been associated with greater food intake (Hill & McCutcheon, 1984;Laessle, Lehrke, & Duckers, 2007). Eating rate (Bobroff & Kissileff, 1986;Yeomans, 1996) and bite size (Bolhuis, Lakemond, de Wijk, Luning, & de Graaf, 2011) are positively related to palatability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of eating rate and food intake in spoon versus fork users in a laboratory setting

Bolhuis

Keast

2016

Food Quality and Preference

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a b s t r a c tAccumulating evidence show positive relationships between eating rate and body weight. Acute food intake is affected by eating rate, bite size, and palatability. The objective was to assess differences between participants who chose to use a spoon vs. fork in eating rate and food intake of four meals that differ in palatability (low vs. high salt) and in energy density (low vs. high fat). Forty-eight healthy adults (16 males, 18-54 y, BMI: 17.8-34.4 kg/m 2 ) were recruited. Participants attended four lunch time sessions after a standardised breakfast. Meals were either (1) low-fat/low-salt, (2) low-fat/high-salt, (3) high-fat/ low-salt, or (4) high-fat/high-salt. Nineteen participants (6 males) consistently used a fork and 21 (8 males) used a spoon, 8 participants were inconsistent in cutlery use and excluded from analyses. Spoon users had on average a higher BMI than fork users (p = 0.006). Effects of cutlery use, BMI status (BMI < 25 vs. BMI > 25), salt, and fat, and their interactions were assessed in a General Linear Model. Spoon users consumed faster (fork: 53 ± 2.8 g/min; spoon: 62 ± 2.1 g/min, p = 0.022) and tended to consume more (p = 0.09), whereas the duration of the meals were similar (fork: 6.9 ± 0.3 min; spoon: 6:7 ± 0.2 min, p = 0.55). BMI status affected both eating rate and food intake (p = 0.005). There were no significant two-way or three-way interactions between salt, fat, and cutlery use on eating rate or food intake. In conclusion, participants who chose to consume with forks ate slower compared to spoon users.

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“…Eating fast has been associated with excess energy intake and overweight [7][8][9][10][11][12], while eating slowly is hypothesized to discourage excess energy intake by allowing time for peripheral satiation signals to be consciously recognized before overeating occurs. Recent experimental trials support a relationship between eating rate and energy intake during a single ad libitum meal [13][14][15], providing empirical evidence that eating behavior can mediate satiation (i.e., the processes during a meal acting to terminate eating) [16] thereby altering energy intake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating rate during a fixed-portion meal does not affect postprandial appetite and gut peptides or energy intake during a subsequent meal

Karl

Young

Montain

2011

Physiology & Behavior

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, "Eating rate during a fixed-portion meal does not affect postprandial appetite and gut peptides or energy intake during a subsequent meal" (2011). US Army Research. 131. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usarmyresearch/131 Eating rate during a fixed-portion meal does not affect postprandial appetite and gut peptides or energy intake during a subsequent meal ☆ Eating rate has recently been shown to influence energy intake and appetite during an ad libitum meal, and alter postprandial secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide-YY (PYY) following a fixed-portion meal. Whether these effects influence satiety, as measured by energy intake at the subsequent meal, is unclear. We manipulated eating rate during a fixed-portion meal in order to examine how eating behavior and associated periprandial and postprandial responses of putative endocrine mediators of appetite would affect energy intake at the following meal in fifteen non-obese (BMIb 25 kg/m²) and ten obese (BMI≥ 30 kg/m²) healthy adult men and women. In random order, each participant consumed a standardized, fixed-portion meal in 7 (FM), 14 (MM) or 28 (SM) minutes. Fullness, measured by the Satiety Labeled Intensity Magnitude (SLIM) scale, serum insulin, glucose, leptin, pancreatic polypeptide (PP), PYY, GLP-1, neuropeptide-Y, and plasma cholecystokinin (CCK) were measured for 3 h following the fixed-portion meal. Ad libitum energy intake at the next meal was then measured. Eating slowly delayed time to peak fullness (P ≤ 0.05), but did not alter peak fullness. Peak PP concentrations were attenuated during FM compared to MM and SM (P ≤ 0.05) and were reached earlier during MM compared to SM (P ≤ 0.05). A meal-by-time interaction (P ≤ 0.05), but no differences in AUC, peak, or time to peak were observed for CCK. No additional between meal differences in AUC, peak or time to peak for any endocrine mediator of appetite was observed. Ad libitum energy intake was not different between trials. In conclusion, the rate at which a fixed-portion meal is consumed does not appear to alter satiety despite a small effect on PP and CCK responses.Published by Elsevier Inc.

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Laboratory eating behavior in obesity

Cited by 59 publications

References 24 publications

Eating rate is a heritable phenotype related to weight in children

Eating rate is a heritable phenotype related to weight in children

Assessment of eating rate and food intake in spoon versus fork users in a laboratory setting

Eating rate during a fixed-portion meal does not affect postprandial appetite and gut peptides or energy intake during a subsequent meal

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