Laboratory Evaluation of New Ultraviolet Absorbers for Protection of Douglas-fir Tussock Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) Baculovirus1

Martignoni, Mauro E.; Iwai, Paul J.

doi:10.1093/jee/78.4.982

Cited by 31 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Stilbenes can act as UV protectants for insect viruses (Martignoni & Iwai 1985;Dougherty et al 1996) as well as other entomopathogens, including fungi (Inglis et al Fluorescent brightener inhibits apoptosis in virus-infected midgut cells 163 1995) and nematodes (Nickle & Shapiro 1992 but these compounds also induce greater virus-caused mortality even without UV exposure, suggesting other modes of action may be functioning. Moreover, this improved efficacy only occurs when the brightener is present simultaneously with the virus in the insect midgut ( Shapiro and Robertson 1992;Dougherty et al 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescent brightener inhibits apoptosis in baculovirus-infected gypsy moth larval midgut cellsin vitro

Dougherty¹,

Narang²,

Loeb³

et al. 2006

Biocontrol Science and Technology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescent brightener inhibits apoptosis in baculovirus-infected gypsy moth larval midgut cellsin vitro

Dougherty¹,

Narang²,

Loeb³

et al. 2006

Biocontrol Science and Technology

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“…Lignosulfonate has been reported to protect MNPV of Douglas-Þr tussock moth, Orgyia pseudotsugata (McDunnough), from UV radiation when used as an adjuvant (Martignoni and Iwai 1985); but inconclusive results as an UV protectant were observed in bioassays and Þeld tests with Panolis flammea (Schiff.) NPV (Killick 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sunlight Persistence and Rainfastness of Spray-Dried Formulations of Baculovirus Isolated FromAnagrapha falcifera(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Tamez‐Guerra¹,

McGuire²,

Behle³

et al. 2000

J Econ Entomol

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Nuclear polyhedrosis viruses such as the one isolated from the celery looper, Anagrapha falcifera (Kirby) (AfMNPV), have the potential to be successful bioinsecticides if improved formulations can prevent rapid loss of insecticidal activity from environmental conditions such as sunlight and rainfall. We tested 16 spray-dried formulations of AfMNPV to determine the effect of different ingredients (e.g., lignin, corn flour, and so on) on insecticidal activity after simulated rain and simulated sunlight (at Peoria, IL) and natural sunlight exposures (at Tifton, GA). The most effective formulation contained pregelatinized corn flour and potassium lignate, which retained more than half of its original activity after 5 cm of simulated rain, and almost full activity after 8 h of simulated sunlight. In Georgia, formulations made with and without lignin were compared for persistence of insecticidal activity when exposed to natural sunlight. In addition, the effect of fluorescent brighteners as formulation components and spray tank additives was tested. Results showed that the formulations with lignin had more insecticidal activity remaining after sunlight exposure than formulations without lignin. The inclusion of brighteners in the formulation did not improve initial activity or virus persistence. However, a 1% tank mix significantly enhanced activity and improved persistence. Scanning electron micrographs revealed discreet particles, and transmission electron micrographs showed virus embedded within microgranules. Results demonstrated that formulations made with natural ingredients could improve persistence of virus-based biopesticides.

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“…Stilbene-derived optical brighteners were initially tested for their properties as UV protectants (Martignoni & Iwai, 1985). Later, certain optical brighteners were shown to provide complete protection to a nucleopolyhedrovirus of the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.) (LdNPV), when exposed to laboratory UV radiation during 60 min (Shapiro, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of an optical brightener on the development, body weight and sex ratio ofSpodoptera frugiperda(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Martínez¹,

Caballero²,

Williams³

2004

Biocontrol Science and Technology

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The incorporation of stilbene-derived optical brighteners into baculovirus formulations can substantially enhance virus infectivity and persistence of inoculum in the field. We evaluated the effect of the optical brightener Tinopal UNPA-GX (Sigma Chemical Co.) on the weight, development time, adult emergence and sex ratio of the principal pest of maize in the Americas, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Tinopal UNPA-GX was incorporated into semi-synthetic diet at a final concentration of 0.1 or 0.05% (w/v) and larvae of S. frugiperda were individually reared on the Tinopal-treated or an untreated control diet. In both Tinopal treatments, the weights of larvae and pupae were significantly reduced by up to 36 and 13%, respectively. The duration of larval development was increased by up to 30% compared to the controls. Adult emergence was high in all treatments (:/90%) and was not affected by the presence of Tinopal in the diet. Significant differences in the proportion of adult females were observed in the 0.05% Tinopal treatment but not in the control or 0.1% Tinopal treatments. By affecting the integrity of the peritrophic membrane and the rate of sloughing of intestinal epithelial cells, natural pest populations exposed to optical brightener residues from bioinsecticide applications are likely to suffer a reduction in growth rate and other correlates of insect fitness.

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Laboratory Evaluation of New Ultraviolet Absorbers for Protection of Douglas-fir Tussock Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) Baculovirus1

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

Fluorescent brightener inhibits apoptosis in baculovirus-infected gypsy moth larval midgut cellsin vitro

Fluorescent brightener inhibits apoptosis in baculovirus-infected gypsy moth larval midgut cellsin vitro

Sunlight Persistence and Rainfastness of Spray-Dried Formulations of Baculovirus Isolated FromAnagrapha falcifera(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Effects of an optical brightener on the development, body weight and sex ratio ofSpodoptera frugiperda(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

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