Laboratory reflectance spectra of clay minerals mixed with Mars analog materials: Toward enabling quantitative clay abundances from Mars spectra

Roush, T. L.; Bishop, J. L.; Brown, Adrian; Blake, D. F.; Bristow, T. F.

doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.06.035

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…This affirms that greater phyllosilicate abundances can independently increase band depths in the types of mixtures studied here (cf. Ehlmann et al, 2009;Roush et al, 2015).…”

Section: Controls On Multispectral Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have also shown that iron‐bearing phyllosilicates, like nontronite, have an absorption feature near 920 nm (Morris et al, 1995). Similar to hematite, the depth of phyllosilicate spectral absorption features is affected by both abundance and changes in grain size (Ehlmann et al, 2009; Roush et al, 2015).…”

Section: Background: Spectral Signatures Of Ferric Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This affirms that greater phyllosilicate abundances can independently increase band depths in the types of mixtures studied here (cf. Ehlmann et al, 2009;Roush et al, 2015). Thus, while variations in grain size could affect the band depth of Mastcam spectra, it is not a unique source of band depth variations.…”

Section: 1029/2019je006290mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spectral, Compositional, and Physical Properties of the Upper Murray Formation and Vera Rubin Ridge, Gale Crater, Mars

et al. 2020

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“…This affirms that greater phyllosilicate abundances can independently increase band depths in the types of mixtures studied here (cf. Ehlmann et al, 2009;Roush et al, 2015).…”

Section: Controls On Multispectral Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background: Spectral Signatures Of Ferric Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spectral, Compositional, and Physical Properties of the Upper Murray Formation and Vera Rubin Ridge, Gale Crater, Mars

et al. 2020

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“…Phyllosilicates have been identified in the oldest Noachian terrains of Mars by the spectrometers OMEGA (Observatoire pour la Minéralogie, l’Eau, les Glaces et l’Activité) onboard Mars Express and CRISM (Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars) onboard Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (Bishop et al., 2008; Mustard et al., 2008; Poulet et al., 2005). Phyllosilicate deposits consist of nontronite (Fe 3+ ‐smectite) and Fe,Mg‐smectite, the most frequently identified phyllosilicates in OMEGA and CRISM data with minor montmorillonite (Bishop, Lane, et al., 2008; Bishop et al., 2013; Roush et al., 2015), and are in majority concentrated in two major regions: Nili Fossae and Mawrth Vallis. Minor phases have also been identified, including kaolinite, carbonates (magnesite), serpentine, chlorite, vermiculite, hydrated silica, and Fe 2+ ‐phyllosilicate (Bishop et al., 2008; Ehlmann et al., 2009b; Mustard et al., 2008; Xue et al., 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonate‐Phyllosilicate Parageneses and Environments of Aqueous Alteration in Nili Fossae and Mars

Chevrier¹,

Morisson²

2021

JGR Planets

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The equilibrium thermodynamics of Fe/Mg-phyllosilicates and carbonates have been investigated using numerical modeling, with emphasis on the effects of evaporation and temperature (hydrothermalism) under conditions related to present-day and primitive Mars, that is, low or high CO 2 partial pressure, under oxidizing or reducing environments. Findings are discussed in relation to alteration and weathering of minerals found in the Nili Fossae region. Results show that nontronite precipitates at very high water-to-precipitate ratio and low temperature, in association with ferrihydrite. During evaporation, this assemblage leads to carbonates: calcite and magnesite, and to low temperature iron-rich serpentine phyllosilicates such as cronstedtite or berthierine under reducing conditions. At high temperature, the initial paragenesis dominated by nontronite leads to hematite and berthierine at low CO 2 partial pressure, and to talc, magnesite and antigorite at high CO 2 partial pressure. Thus, the Fe/Mg-smectites, Mg-carbonate, and Mg-serpentine found near Nili Fossae may result from several alteration events. Weathering of primitive bedrock formed nontronite, with subsequent or concurrent hydrothermalism leading to Mg-serpentine. Further carbonation due to CO 2 -rich fluids led to talc, magnesite and to hydrogen/carbon monoxide/methane in the presence of iron, but at relatively low partial pressures (up to 10 −4 bar). Unless the serpentinization process acted for extended periods of time and over a large portion of the martian surface, it is unlikely it significantly contributed to the atmospheric composition, except maybe for H 2 . However, such water-rich active environments with the presence of redox reactions could have been suitable for the potential emergence of biological activity.Plain Language Summary Multiple locations on Mars exhibit phyllosilicate deposits, which have been used as indicators of temperate paleoenvironments with abundant liquid water. Of these, Nili Fossae is one of the rare occurrences where additional phases such as carbonates or serpentine are found. These minerals also pinpoint to possible hydrothermal activity, which is very important for the putative emergence of biologic activity on the red planet. Our work aims at understanding these various environments using numerical thermodynamic simulations of the mineral assemblages observed in this province. We observe that Mg,Fe-phyllosilicates such as nontronite form in low temperatures environments with very abundant water, and relatively oxidizing conditions (so rather on the surface) while magnesite and serpentine mixtures are characterized by higher temperatures (typically 200-300 °C) in the presence of high CO 2 partial pressures and more reducing conditions. Such hydrothermal reactions should also have led to the formations of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and perhaps methane, but at concentrations probably too low to allow for global warming on Mars, unless they would have been significantly extended geographically and temporally. Nonethel...

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“…The dunite was sourced in the 3.47 billion year old Mount Ada basalt, which is at the bottom of the ultramafic-mafic-felsic-chert sequence that is capped by the stromatolites in the 3.35 billion year old Strelley Pool Chert. In brief, they made the point that a process of hydrothermal serpenitinization was one way to form the clays and carbonate that are both observed with olivine at the same time (Bishop et al 2008(Bishop et al , 2011Roush et al 2015). They posited that the phyllosilicate might be talc, in analogy with Archean talc-carbonate dunites, an idea which was also investigated by Viviano et al, (2013) and McSween et al, (2014).…”

Section: Serpentinization and Komatiitementioning

confidence: 99%

Mars 2020 Team Using Australian Rocks in Search for Life on Mars

Brown¹,

Viviano²,

Goudge³

2020

Eos

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Laboratory reflectance spectra of clay minerals mixed with Mars analog materials: Toward enabling quantitative clay abundances from Mars spectra

Cited by 19 publications

References 59 publications

Spectral, Compositional, and Physical Properties of the Upper Murray Formation and Vera Rubin Ridge, Gale Crater, Mars

Spectral, Compositional, and Physical Properties of the Upper Murray Formation and Vera Rubin Ridge, Gale Crater, Mars

Carbonate‐Phyllosilicate Parageneses and Environments of Aqueous Alteration in Nili Fossae and Mars

Mars 2020 Team Using Australian Rocks in Search for Life on Mars

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