Laccase: use in removal of lignin in cellulosic biomass

Srivastava, Neha; Mishra, Pradeep Kumar; Upadhyay, S.N.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821010-9.00007-3

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Studies have begun to look at the hydrolysis of these interactions by enzymes, such as AA family LPMOs [ 131 ]. Additionally, AA lignin-modifying enzyme families may have a role; laccases, manganese peroxidases, and lignin peroxidases all potentially contribute to the modification of cross-links and subsequent delignification, exposing the underlying polysaccharides for further modification by GH and CE enzymes [ 145 ]. Along with feruloyl esterase, CE15 glucuronyl esterases also contribute to the disassembly of lignin–carbohydrate complexes via the cleavage of ester bonds between alcohol and 4- O -methyl-glucuronoyl moieties of lignin and xylan, respectively (Fig.…”

Section: Cazymes In the Production Of Biofuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined whole cell wall analysis and streamlined in silico carbohydrate-active enzyme discovery to improve biocatalytic conversion of agricultural crop residues

Tingley

Low

Xing

et al. 2021

Biotechnol Biofuels

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The production of biofuels as an efficient source of renewable energy has received considerable attention due to increasing energy demands and regulatory incentives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Second-generation biofuel feedstocks, including agricultural crop residues generated on-farm during annual harvests, are abundant, inexpensive, and sustainable. Unlike first-generation feedstocks, which are enriched in easily fermentable carbohydrates, crop residue cell walls are highly resistant to saccharification, fermentation, and valorization. Crop residues contain recalcitrant polysaccharides, including cellulose, hemicelluloses, pectins, and lignin and lignin-carbohydrate complexes. In addition, their cell walls can vary in linkage structure and monosaccharide composition between plant sources. Characterization of total cell wall structure, including high-resolution analyses of saccharide composition, linkage, and complex structures using chromatography-based methods, nuclear magnetic resonance, -omics, and antibody glycome profiling, provides critical insight into the fine chemistry of feedstock cell walls. Furthermore, improving both the catalytic potential of microbial communities that populate biodigester reactors and the efficiency of pre-treatments used in bioethanol production may improve bioconversion rates and yields. Toward this end, knowledge and characterization of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) involved in dynamic biomass deconstruction is pivotal. Here we overview the use of common “-omics”-based methods for the study of lignocellulose-metabolizing communities and microorganisms, as well as methods for annotation and discovery of CAZymes, and accurate prediction of CAZyme function. Emerging approaches for analysis of large datasets, including metagenome-assembled genomes, are also discussed. Using complementary glycomic and meta-omic methods to characterize agricultural residues and the microbial communities that digest them provides promising streams of research to maximize value and energy extraction from crop waste streams.

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Section: Cazymes In the Production Of Biofuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%