Lack of Acknowledgment in the Family Rorschachs of Families With a Child at Risk for Schizophrenia

Herman, F B A Bonnie; Jones, James E.

doi:10.1111/j.1545-5300.1976.00289.x

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…A closer examination of the scorers' descriptions of the communication patterns shows that the Group S families, in comparison with the Group N families, were characterized by (a) less ability or willingness to listen to and take into account what the others said; (b) less ability or willingness to take the perspective of the other (both [a] and [b] are closely connected to degree of egocentrism/decentration); (c) less adequate confirmations of each other; (d) more pseudo‐agreement. These findings are much in line with what has been reported from other studies conducted under varying conditions (30, 38, 50, 74).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Egocentrism and Inefficiency in the Communication of Families Containing Schizophrenic Members

1979

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Conceptual and methodological shortcomings of research on family and interactional psychopathology are owing mainly to the use of vague and ill-defined concepts of communication. Based on a theory of language use and communication within general social and cognitive psychology (e.g., Heider, Mead, Piaget, Rometvet) Blakar has outlined a methodology by which interaction is analyzed in terms of how and to what extent the participants (families) manage or fail to cope with the various prerequisites for successful communication under varying situational conditions. A study illustrating this program is presented: The interaction of twelve families, six with (Group S) and six without (Group N) a schizophrenic member, is analyzed in Blakar's communication conflict situation with respect to the members' ability to decenter and take the perspective of each other. Group S proved significantly more egocentric, their egocentric attitudes resulting, as would be expected, in very inefficient communication. Moreover, Group S were not able to adapt their pattern of communication to the changing situational requirements. Finally, the subtle interplay between the capacities and behavior of the individual members and the family system is illustrated: the egocentrism of the members resulted in "closed systems," and the closed systems hindered adequate feedback, forcing the members to decenter.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Egocentrism and Inefficiency in the Communication of Families Containing Schizophrenic Members

1979

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“…Family communication was sampled using the Consensus Rorschach method (Loveland, Wynne, & Singer, 1963). Its usefulness as a family interaction task for this kind of research has been shown in numerous studies (Herman & Jones, 1976; Shapiro & Wild, 1976; Tienari, 1991; Wichstrøm & Holte, 1991a, b). In the URCAFS study it was administered in two phases.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competence in Children at Risk for Psychopathology Predicted from Confirmatory and Disconfirmatory Family Communication

Wichstrøm

Holte

Husby³

et al. 1993

Family Process

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The relationship between confirmation/disconfirmation in parental and family communication and offspring social competence was examined in 59 families in which at least one of the parents had been hospitalized for a functional psychiatric disorder. Communication samples were obtained using the Consensus Rorschach procedure both with parental couples and with parent-child family units. The communication was analyzed using the Confirmation-Disconfirmation Coding System (CONDIS). The competence at school of 7-and 10-year-old boys was rated by both peers and teachers. Competence at home was rated by the parents. The results indicated that the more competent the high-risk children were, both at school and at home, the more their family communicated in confirmatory ways and the less they communicated in disconfirmatory ways. Furthermore, although the parental couple CONDIS score and the family CONDIS score were modestly correlated, each contributed separately to the prediction of offspring competence. These communication data were not significantly related to parental psychopathology, neither severity of parental impairment nor the diagnosis of the patient-parent.

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“…The research has shown (a) reduced predictability of which family members will speak (Mishler & Waxier, 1975); (b) a higher rate of balanced triadic interaction than dyadic interaction in normal families compared to disturbed families (Herman & Jones, 1976); (c) balanced rates of frequency of speech among nondisabled family members (Leighton, Stollack, & Ferguson, 1971;Murrell, 1971); and (d) increased frequency of intrusions into the discussion of nondisabled families (Leonard, Beaulieu, & Embry, 1965;Mishler & Waxier, 1975).…”

Section: Family Functioningmentioning

confidence: 97%

Psychological Adjustment and Family Functioning of Boys with Learning Disabilities

Michaels

Lewandowski

1990

J Learn Disabil

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This study examined parent reports of behavioral and family functioning for 59 boys with learning disabilities (LD) and 65 nondisabled boys (NLD) of ages 6 to 12 years. Parents completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES III). Boys with LD were reported as having significantly more behavior problems of both the Internalizing and Externalizing types than NLD boys. Individual scales yielded group differences indicating higher scores (more problems) for the group with LD on the Hyperactive, Schizoid or Anxious, Depressed, and Obsessive Compulsive scales, but no differences on the Aggressive or Social Withdrawal scales. Furthermore, families of boys with LD tended to score more frequently in the extreme (disturbed) range of family functioning. However, boys of families in the extreme range did not have more behavior problems than the boys of other families. The findings suggest that a greater than average proportion of boys with LD are at risk for developing psychological adjustment problems.

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Lack of Acknowledgment in the Family Rorschachs of Families With a Child at Risk for Schizophrenia

Cited by 14 publications

References 27 publications

Egocentrism and Inefficiency in the Communication of Families Containing Schizophrenic Members

Egocentrism and Inefficiency in the Communication of Families Containing Schizophrenic Members

Competence in Children at Risk for Psychopathology Predicted from Confirmatory and Disconfirmatory Family Communication

Psychological Adjustment and Family Functioning of Boys with Learning Disabilities

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