Lack of evidence for improved immune response of extra‐pair nestlings in collared flycatcher <i>Ficedula albicollis</i>

Wilk, Tomasz; Cichoń, Mariusz; Wolff, Kirsten

doi:10.1111/j.0908-8857.2008.04390.x

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…For example, EPY occurred in early eggs from two independent samples obtained in our population in different years (Krist et al. 2005 and this study), while no such effect was found in Polish (Wilk et al. 2008) and Hungarian (Rosivall et al.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

“…However, the distribution of EPY in laying order may differ both between and within species. For example, EPY occurred in early eggs from two independent samples obtained in our population in different years (Krist et al 2005 and this study), while no such effect was found in Polish (Wilk et al 2008) and Hungarian (Rosivall et al 2009) populations of the species. If EPY occurred in late eggs (Riley et al 1995), this could lead to an underestimation of paternal genetic effects owing to the counteractive effect of hatching asynchrony.…”

Section: Extra-pair Young and Maternal Effectscontrasting

confidence: 41%

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Superiority of extra-pair offspring: maternal but not genetic effects as revealed by a mixed cross-fostering design

Krist

Munclinger

2011

Molecular Ecology

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Extra-pair copulations (EPC) are the rule rather than an exception in socially monogamous birds, but despite widespread occurrences, the benefits of female infidelity remain elusive. Most attention has been paid to the possibility that females gain genetic benefits from EPC, and fitness comparisons between maternal half-siblings are considered to be a defining test of this hypothesis. Recently, it was shown that these comparisons may be confounded by within-brood maternal effects where one such effect may be the distribution of half-siblings in the laying order. However, this possibility is difficult to study as it would be necessary to detect the egg from which each chick hatched. In this study, we used a new approach for egg-chick assignment and cross-fostered eggs on an individual basis among a set of nests of the collared flycatcher Ficedula albicollis. After hatching, chicks were ascribed to mothers and therefore to individual eggs by molecular genetic methods. Extra-pair young predominated early in the laying order. Under natural conditions, this should give them a competitive advantage over their half-siblings, mediated by hatching asynchrony. However, we experimentally synchronized hatching, and after this treatment, extra-pair young did not outperform within-pair young in any studied trait including survival up to recruitment and several indicators of reproductive success and attractiveness. We obtained only modest sample sizes for the last two traits and did not test for extra-pair success of male offspring. Thus, we cannot exclude the possibility of advantages of extra-pair young during the adult phase of life. However, our data tentatively suggest that the more likely reason for females' EPCs is the insurance against the infertility of a social mate.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

Section: Extra-pair Young and Maternal Effectscontrasting

confidence: 41%

Superiority of extra-pair offspring: maternal but not genetic effects as revealed by a mixed cross-fostering design

Krist

Munclinger

2011

Molecular Ecology

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“…Despite inconclusive empirical support within and across species (e.g. Kleven et al, 2006;Wilk et al, 2008;Bollmer et al, 2012), indirect benefits for EPP remain the dominant hypothesis for this behaviour, although alternatives have been advanced that suggest EPP is costly to females, is not explicitly adaptive to females or is not strictly femaledriven (Westneat & Stewart, 2003;Arnqvist & Kirkpatrick, 2005;Forstmeier et al, 2011Forstmeier et al, , 2014.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity does not explain variation in extra‐pair paternity in multiple populations of a songbird

Liu

Johndrow

Abe

et al. 2015

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Many songbirds are socially monogamous but genetically polyandrous, mating with individuals outside their pair bonds. Extra-pair paternity (EPP) varies within and across species, but reasons for this variation remain unclear. One possible source of variation is population genetic diversity, which has been shown in interspecific meta-analyses to correlate with EPP but which has limited support from intraspecific tests. Using eight populations of the genetically polyandrous red-winged blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus), including an island population, we investigated whether population-level differences in genetic diversity led to differences in EPP. We first measured genetic diversity over 10 microsatellite loci and found, as predicted, low genetic diversity in the island population. Additional structure analyses with multilocus genotypes and mtDNA showed the island population to be distinct from the continental populations. However, the island population's EPP rate fell in the middle of the continental populations' distribution, whereas the continental populations themselves showed significant variation in EPP. This result suggests that genetic diversity by itself is not a predictor of EPP rate. We discuss reasons for the departure from previous results, including hypotheses for EPP that do not solely implicate female-driven behaviour.

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“…In contrast, Krist et al (2005) found that EP offspring occur significantly more often in earlier‐laid eggs in collared flycatchers Ficedula albicollis . Four other studies have reported either more EP offspring in earlier‐laid eggs (Cordero et al 1999), more EP offspring in later‐laid eggs (Riley et al 1995), or no association between offspring paternity and laying/hatching position (Barber and Robertson 2007, Wilk et al 2008). However, sample sizes in several of these latter studies were small and so results may best be considered preliminary.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Evidence for a maternal effect benefiting extra‐pair offspring in a songbird, the house wren Troglodytes aedon

Johnson¹,

Brubaker²,

Johnson³

et al. 2009

Journal of Avian Biology

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Female birds are hypothesized to mate outside the pairbond to secure alleles that enhance the fitness potential of their offspring. To test this, researchers typically compare fitness-related attributes of extra-pair (EP) and within-pair (WP) half-siblings. Often neglected, however, is the possibility that females may provide EP offspring with certain non-genetic advantages. For example, in species in which eggs hatch asynchronously, females may place EP offspring amongst earlierlaid eggs in the clutch. Because they tend to hatch first, chicks from earlier-laid eggs are often larger and more developed than their nestmates and thus have a competitive advantage. We tested for an association between offspring paternity and position in the laying/hatching sequence in a Wyoming population of the house wren Troglodytes aedon. Eggs in this population always hatch asynchronously, usually in the order laid, over 24Á48 h, setting up a stair-step-like size hierarchy within broods early in the nestling stage. This suggested that we could thus use a chick's mass relative to that of its nestmates as an index of the chick's position in the laying sequence. We first confirmed this, showing that position in the laying sequence explains 70% of the variance in chick size relative to nestmates. We then compared masses of EP and WP offspring shortly after hatching in 27 broods with mixed paternity. On average, EP offspring weighed 14% more than their WP counterparts, a highly significant difference. Our results therefore suggest that EP offspring are more likely than WP offspring to occur in earlier-laid eggs, thus gaining a size-based competitive advantage. We recommend that, when comparing EP and WP half-siblings in species in which eggs hatch asynchronously, researchers test for this potential maternally derived effect on offspring performance.

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Lack of evidence for improved immune response of extra‐pair nestlings in collared flycatcher Ficedula albicollis

Cited by 16 publications

References 53 publications

Superiority of extra-pair offspring: maternal but not genetic effects as revealed by a mixed cross-fostering design

Superiority of extra-pair offspring: maternal but not genetic effects as revealed by a mixed cross-fostering design

Genetic diversity does not explain variation in extra‐pair paternity in multiple populations of a songbird

Evidence for a maternal effect benefiting extra‐pair offspring in a songbird, the house wren Troglodytes aedon

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