Lack of transgene and glyphosate effects on yield, and mineral and amino acid content of glyphosate‐resistant soybean

Duke, Stephen O.; Rimando, Agnes M.; Reddy, Krishna N.; Cizdziel, James V.; Bellaloui, Nacer; Shaw, David R.; Williams, Martin M.; Maul, Jude E.

doi:10.1002/ps.4625

Cited by 37 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…After considering this lack of influence of glyphosate or the GR trait, a US National Academy of Science study suggested that more research should be carried out in controlled environments with appropriate controls to determine if yields are affected by glyphosate or the GR transgene . Such studies carried out recently have found no effects of glyphosate use on GRCs or the GR transgene on crop yield …”

Section: Detractorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most publicized claims of problems with GRCs have centered around plant disease, mineral nutrition, yields, and glyphosate toxicology. Two of these topics, mineral nutrition and plant disease as affected by glyphosate, are dealt with in other papers in this special issue of Pest Management Science . Briefly, despite a few highly publicized papers indicating that glyphosate alters plant mineral nutrition in GRCs and that this and other GRC characteristics result in increased fungal pathogen infestation of GRCs, the preponderance of peer‐reviewed literature does not support these theories …”

Section: Detractorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two of these topics, mineral nutrition and plant disease as affected by glyphosate, are dealt with in other papers in this special issue of Pest Management Science. 34,35 Briefly, despite a few highly publicized papers indicating that glyphosate alters plant mineral nutrition in GRCs and that this and other GRC characteristics result in increased fungal pathogen infestation of GRCs, the preponderance of peer-reviewed literature does not support these theories. [34][35][36] Another issue has been whether there is a yield reduction in GRCs attributable to either the GR transgene(s) used or to glyphosate.…”

Section: Detractorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The history and current status of glyphosate

Duke

2017

Pest Management Science

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392

248

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Glyphosate is the only herbicide to target the enzyme 5-enolpyruvyl-3-shikimate phosphate synthase (EPSPS). It is a high use rate, non-selective herbicide that translocates primarily to metabolic sinks, killing meristematic tissues away from the application site. Its phloem-mobile properties and slow action in killing weeds allow the herbicide to move throughout the plant to kill all meristems, making it effective for perennial weed control. Since commercialization in 1974, its use has grown to dominate the herbicide market. Much of its use is on transgenic, glyphosate-resistant crops (GRCs), which have been the dominant transgenic crops worldwide. GRCs with glyphosate provided the most effective and inexpensive weed management technology in history for a decade or more. However, as a consequence of the rapid increase in glyphosate-resistant (GR) weeds, the effectiveness of glyphosate use in GRCs is declining. Critics have claimed that glyphosate-treated GRCs have altered mineral nutrition and increased susceptibility to plant pathogens because of glyphosate's ability to chelate divalent metal cations, but the complete resistance of GRCs to glyphosate indicates that chelating metal cations do not contribute to the herbicidal activity or significantly affect mineral nutrition. The rates of increases in yields of maize, soybean, and cotton in the USA have been unchanged after high adoption rates of GRCs. Glyphosate is toxic to some plant pathogens, and thereby can act as a fungicide in GRCs. Ultra-low doses of glyphosate stimulate plant growth in glyphosate-susceptible plants by unknown mechanisms. Despite rapid and widespread increases in GR weeds, glyphosate use has not decreased. However, as GR weeds increase, adoption of alternative technologies will eventually lead to decreased use. Published 2017. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

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Section: Detractorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detractorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detractorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The history and current status of glyphosate

Duke

2017

Pest Management Science

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392

248

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“…The massive use of glyphosate, totaling 852 million kg globally by 2014 (Benbrook, 2016), which directly or indirectly will expose non-target biodiversity in terrestrial, soil and aquatic communities (Venter and Bøhn, 2016), represent a major source of environmental pollution. In addition, glyphosate is shown to accumulate in (i) soils that have a history of glyphosate use (Duke et al, 2017), and (ii) in HT soybeans (Bøhn et al, 2014), more when the plant is sprayed later in the season (Duke et al, 2003). This will bring glyphosate residues into the global food and feed chains (Bøhn et al, 2014).…”

Section: Herbicide Tolerant Crops and Weed Resistance Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Outcomes from Insect and Weed Control with Transgenic Plants: Ecological Surprises?

Bøhn

Löveï

2017

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Agriculture is fundamental for human survival through food production and is performed in ecosystems that, while simplified, still operate along ecological principles and retain complexity. Agricultural plants are thus part of ecological systems, and interact in complex ways with the surrounding terrestrial, soil, and aquatic habitats. We discuss three case studies that demonstrate how agricultural solutions to pest and weed control, if they overlook important ecological and evolutionary factors, cause "surprises": (i) the fast emergence of resistance against the crop-inserted Bt-toxin in South Africa, (ii) the ecological changes generated by Bt-cotton landscapes in China, and (iii) the decline of the monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus, in North America. The recognition that we work with complex systems is in itself important, as it should limit the belief in reductionist solutions. Agricultural practices lacking eco-evolutionary understanding result in "surprises" like resistance evolution both in weeds and pest insects, risking the reappearance of the "pesticide treadmill"-with increased use of toxic pesticides as the follow-up. We recommend prioritization of research that counteracts the tendencies of reductionist approaches. These may be beneficial on a short term, but with trade-off costs on a medium-to long-term. Such costs include loss of biodiversity, ecosystem services, long-term soil productivity, pollution, and reduced food quality.

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“…The remarkable success of GR sugar beets in the US is reviewed for the first time . Additional evidence is provided in a research paper to support the view that neither glyphosate nor the glyphosate resistance gene affects amino acid or mineral content of GR soybeans . Sammons et al report the effects of the double mutation TIPS EPSPS transgene that is used in some GR crops on Arabidopsis thaliana , and Firdous et al identify and characterize a new GR EPSPS from a soil microbe, a possible new transgene.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Glyphosate: The world's most successful herbicide under intense scientific scrutiny

Duke¹

2018

Pest Management Science

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Lack of transgene and glyphosate effects on yield, and mineral and amino acid content of glyphosate‐resistant soybean

Cited by 37 publications

References 43 publications

The history and current status of glyphosate

The history and current status of glyphosate

Complex Outcomes from Insect and Weed Control with Transgenic Plants: Ecological Surprises?

Glyphosate: The world's most successful herbicide under intense scientific scrutiny

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