Lactate, <i>N</i>‐acetylaspartate, choline and creatine concentrations, and spin‐spin relaxation in thalamic and occipito‐parietal regions of developing human brain

Cady, Ernest B.; Penrice, J; Amess, P; Lorek, A; Wylezińska, M; Aldridge, R; Franconi, Florence; Wyatt, John; Reynolds, E. O. R.

doi:10.1002/mrm.1910360610

Cited by 87 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…They suggested that Lac might be produced locally or in peripheral tissues and that it may play a role in brain metabolism. Cady et al (37) found a decreasing Lac concentration with increasing gestational age in the thalamus and occipital-parietal region, indicating a changing glycolytic activity in the immature brain of AGA infants. Lac may be used as fuel for the brain but also for the synthesis of myelin (38).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Cerebral Structure and Metabolism and Long-Term Outcome in Small-for-Gestational-Age Preterm Neonates

et al. 2004

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In the present study, we compared brain development and metabolism of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and appropriate-forgestational-age (AGA) infants using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H-MRS). We tested the hypothesis that intrauterine growth retardation caused by placental insufficiency is associated with changes in cerebral metabolism and is followed by an adverse neurodevelopmental outcome at the age of 2 y. Twenty-six AGA and 14 SGA (birth weight ϽP 2.3) preterm infants with no major ultrasound abnormalities were enrolled prospectively. At 32 and 41 wk postmenstrual age, 1 H-MRS and magnetic resonance imaging were performed. For 1 H-MRS, a volume of interest was placed in the basal ganglia and in the periventricular white matter. Using echo times of 31 and 144 ms N-acetylaspartate/choline (NAA/Cho), lactate/Cho, myo-inositol/Cho (mI/Cho), and glutamate-glutamine-␥-aminobutyric acid/Cho (Glx/Cho) ratios were compared between AGA and SGA groups. Griffiths' developmental quotient (DQ) values were assessed at 24 mo corrected age. Griffiths' DQ (AGA, 104 Ϯ 10; SGA, 99 Ϯ 9) and brain development assessed using magnetic resonance imaging showed no significant differences between both AGA and SGA groups, and NAA/Cho, Lac/Cho, mI/ Cho, and Glx/Cho ratios were not significantly different between the groups. NAA/Cho ratios increased from 32 to 41 wk, whereas mI/Cho ratios decreased in both groups. Preterm infants who are small for gestational age (SGA) as a result of placental insufficiency are at increased risk for adverse neurodevelopmental outcome in comparison with agematched appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) neonates (1-4). Placental insufficiency can be demonstrated in these pregnancies using Doppler ultrasonography of the umbilical artery (5). Most of these pregnancies are terminated by cesarean section because of severe fetal compromise with impending hypoxia-ischemia (6).During the past decade, it was demonstrated that perinatal hypoxia-ischemia may have long-lasting effects on cerebral metabolism as has been demonstrated using in vivo cerebral proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H-MRS) (7,8). A decrease of the N-acetylaspartate/choline (NAA/Cho) ratio in asphyxiated full-term neonates predicts an adverse neurodevelopmental outcome (7,9 -11). Elevated levels of lactate (Lac) in the brain of asphyxiated neonates, even months after the hypoxic-ischemic insult, have been shown to be predictive of neurodevelopmental delay (7,8,10,12

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Cerebral Structure and Metabolism and Long-Term Outcome in Small-for-Gestational-Age Preterm Neonates

et al. 2004

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“…33 Interestingly, a developmental increase in T2 values of metabolites has been found in the mouse developing brain, 34 and in the human brain (NAA and Cho) from 32 to 42 weeks postconceptional age. 16 So far, small pools of bound creatine 35 or lactate 36 have been detected in the adult brain but have not been investigated in the developing brain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The protocol of spectroscopy included 1 H-MR spectroscopy performed at short and long TE, because long TEs allow unambiguous detection of lactate signal owing to lipid signal suppression, which may be important in the context of prematurity. 16 A better understanding of how normal cerebral maturation in fetuses and premature neonates evolves is essential for the early detection of pathologic alterations and the assessment of therapeutic interventions. The second aim of this study was to assess whether cerebral microstructural and metabolic data obtained from premature neonates by using MR imaging and MR spectroscopy techniques might help evaluate normal brain maturation in utero.…”

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confidence: 99%

Is Brain Maturation Comparable in Fetuses and Premature Neonates at Term Equivalent Age?

Viola

Confort‐Gouny²,

Schneider³

et al. 2011

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Improved knowledge of brain maturation in fetuses and premature neonates is crucial for the early detection of pathologies and would help determine whether MR data from the premature brain might be used to evaluate fetal maturation. Using diffusion-weighted MR imaging and 1 H-MR spectroscopy, we compared cerebral microstructure and metabolism in normal in utero fetuses imaged near term and premature neonates imaged at term equivalent.

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Elevated brain metabolite ratios, lactate/Nacetylaspartate (NAA) and lactate/choline, have been associated with poor neurodevelopmental status in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. 1,10,12,13 The increase in brain lactate level is thought to be a result of anaerobic rather than oxidative energy metabolism during cellular hypoxia.…”

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confidence: 99%

Brain Metabolite Levels Assessed by Lactate-Edited MR Spectroscopy in Premature Neonates with and without Pentobarbital Sedation

Wang¹,

Vigneron²,

Miller³

et al. 2008

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Pentobarbital is known to affect cerebral metabolism; pentobarbital sedation is, however, frequently used for MR imaging and MR spectroscopy, especially in children. Accurate assessment of the brain metabolite levels is important, particularly in neonates with suspected brain injury. We investigated whether pentobarbital sedation has any effect on the ratios of spectral metabolites lactate, N-acetylaspartate, or choline in a group of premature neonates.

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Lactate, N‐acetylaspartate, choline and creatine concentrations, and spin‐spin relaxation in thalamic and occipito‐parietal regions of developing human brain

Cited by 87 publications

References 62 publications

Cerebral Structure and Metabolism and Long-Term Outcome in Small-for-Gestational-Age Preterm Neonates

Cerebral Structure and Metabolism and Long-Term Outcome in Small-for-Gestational-Age Preterm Neonates

Is Brain Maturation Comparable in Fetuses and Premature Neonates at Term Equivalent Age?

Brain Metabolite Levels Assessed by Lactate-Edited MR Spectroscopy in Premature Neonates with and without Pentobarbital Sedation

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