Lactation

Cowie, A. T.; Forsyth, Isabel A.; Hart, I. C.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-81389-4_4

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 355 publications

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“…In the current experiment, after 7 days of ergot feeding, sows had plasma prolactin levels that were only 1/3 of that in control sows, and despite continued sucking by piglets, indirect parameters indicated that milk production was still reduced markedly. Our results are consistent with established doctrine that the primary metabolic importance of prolactin is in the initiation of milk production (Cowie et al., 1980) and that prolactin still has a role in maintaining lactation as the more recent work of Farmer et al. (1998) with bromocriptine indicated.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Effect of feeding sorghum ergot (Claviceps africana) to sows during mid‐lactation on plasma prolactin and litter performance

Kopinski¹,

Blaney²,

Murray³

et al. 2008

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Diets containing 3% sorghum ergot (16 mg alkaloids/kg, including 14 mg dihydroergosine/kg) were fed to 12 sows from 14 days post-farrowing until weaning 14 days later, and their performance was compared with that of 10 control sows. Ergot-fed sows displayed a smaller weight loss during lactation of 24 kg/head vs. 29 kg/head in control sows (p > 0.05) despite feed consumption being less (61 kg/head total feed intake vs. 73 kg/head by control sows; p < 0.05). Ergot-fed sows had poorer weight gain of litters over the 14-day period (16.6 kg/litter vs. 28.3 kg/litter for controls; p < 0.05) despite an increase in consumption of creep feed by the piglets from the ergot-fed sows (1.9 kg/litter compared with 1.1 kg/litter by the control; p > 0.05). Sow plasma prolactin was reduced with ergot feeding after 7 days to 4.8 microg/l compared with 15.1 microg/l in the control sows (p < 0.01) and then at weaning was 4.9 microg/l compared with 8.0 microg/l (p < 0.01) in the control sows. Two sows fed ergot ceased lactation early, and the above sow feed intakes, body weight losses with litter weight gains and creep consumption indirectly indicate an ergot effect on milk production.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…It was traditionally believed that once lactation was established then prolactin is less critical, as sucking by piglets and other hormonal mechanisms help maintain the milk flow (Cowie et al., 1980). More recently the work of Farmer et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of feeding sorghum ergot (Claviceps africana) to sows during mid‐lactation on plasma prolactin and litter performance

Kopinski¹,

Blaney²,

Murray³

et al. 2008

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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“…There is evidence that maternal estrogen, progesterone, and mammotropic peptides, including prolactin and human placental lactogen, take part in the growth and development of breast tissue during pregnancy (Cowie and Tindal, 1971). There is uncertainty, however, about the extent to which these hormones are responsible for the breast development in the newborn infant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and development of the human infant breast

Anbazhagan

Bártek²,

Monaghan

et al. 1991

Am. J. Anat.

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Seventy-two samples of infant breasts, aged from newborn to 2 years, were collected at necropsy. Whole-mount preparations and histological sections were made. A system of classification was devised to study the extent of the structural development of the ductal system (morphological types I, II, and III) and the functional differentiation of the lining epithelium (functional stages I to V). There was no correlation between the age of the infant and the type of development of the ductal system. In contrast, the epithelial differentiation followed a chronological pattern, starting with secretory changes and apparently going through a period characterized by apocrine metaplasia before post-secretory involution. These epithelial changes were not associated with the morphological type of the ductal system. There were no distinguishing features between the breasts from the two sexes. Immunoperoxidase staining for actin and kappa-casein was carried out to study the myoepithelial cells and secretory cells, respectively. Myoepithelial cells were present at all stages and prominent staining for casein was observed up to 2 months of age. Embryonic-type adipose tissue was seen in 7 cases, in one of which it was associated closely with the developing ductal system. Extramedullary hematopoiesis was observed in the periductal connective tissue until 4 months of age. This paper describes the most extensive anatomical and histological study of the human infant breast to date and lays the foundation for a detailed study of the epithelial and stromal changes that take place during human breast development.

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“…Taking into account the positive effect of circulating GH on milk yield [ 35 ], a production increase would be expected in LL cows. Dario et al [ 36 ] in Jersey and Akyuz et al [ 28 ] in Holstein cows found higher milk production in LL genotype.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of GH p.L127V Polymorphism and Feeding Systems on Milk Production Traits and Fatty Acid Composition in Modicana Cows

Bordonaro

Tumino

Marletta

et al. 2020

Animals

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Growth hormone participates in the regulation of lactation and lipid metabolism. A trial study was conducted to evaluate the effects of genetic polymorphism at GH p.L127V and its interaction with feeding system (extensive, EX; semi-intensive, SI) on milk traits and fatty acids composition in Modicana cows. In the semi-intensive farm (SI) diet consisted of hay, concentrate and 2 h of grazing. In the extensive farm (EX) feeding consisted in 8 h of grazing and hay. The frequencies of LL, LV and VV genotypes were, respectively: 0.64, 0.34, 0.02. GH polymorphism and its interaction with feeding system did not influence milk yield and composition. Cows carrying LL genotype produced milk with lower 6:0 and 8:0 and higher 16:1 c9 and 18:1 c9, total UFA and total MUFA. Feeding significantly affected fatty acids: in EX cows lower SFA and higher PUFA and UFA were found, compared to SI cows. The lower, more favorable atherogenic index of milk from EX system was coherent with the improved healthy characteristics of milk from animals fed almost exclusively on pasture. A significant interaction genotype x feeding system was evident for 18:1, higher in the LL cows only in the EX system, but not in the SI system.

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Lactation

Cited by 11 publications

References 355 publications

Effect of feeding sorghum ergot (Claviceps africana) to sows during mid‐lactation on plasma prolactin and litter performance

Effect of feeding sorghum ergot (Claviceps africana) to sows during mid‐lactation on plasma prolactin and litter performance

Growth and development of the human infant breast

Effect of GH p.L127V Polymorphism and Feeding Systems on Milk Production Traits and Fatty Acid Composition in Modicana Cows

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