“…Although some approaches show great promise for future treatment methods or at least for complemental therapy, there is no contemporary alternative available for in vivo administration (Gomes & Henriques, ). Several studies investigated the application of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as mammary probiotics to inhibit in vitro growth of MCP, prevent or compete MCP biofilm formation or reduce IMI (Armas, Camperio, & Marianelli, ; Assis et al., ; Bouchard, Rault, Berkova, Le Loir, & Even, ; Bouchard et al., ; Piccart, Vásquez, Piepers, De Vliegher, & Olofsson, ).…”