Lactic Acidosis in Patients With Cancer

Abstract

Lactic acidosis is the most common metabolic acidosis in hospitalized patients-the result from an underlying pathogenic process. To successfully manage lactic acid production, its cause needs to be eliminated. Patients with cancer have many risk factors for developing lactic acidosis, including the cancer diagnosis itself. Patients with lactic acidosis are critically ill, requiring an intense level of nursing care with accompanying frequent cardiopulmonary and renal assessments. The mortality rate from lactic acidosis is high. Therefore, appropriate nursing interventions may include end-of-life and palliative care.

Unappreciated Role of LDHA and LDHB to Control Apoptosis and Autophagy in Tumor Cells

“…In consequence of a high rate of anaerobic glycolysis, more glucose is consumed by the tumor cells, followed by more lactic acid being formed. Therefore, a high level of lactic acid (hyperlactatamia) in the blood plasma of oncological patients, compared to healthy people (>5 mmol/L vs. <2 mmol/L) and a lower pH of their blood plasma (<7.3 vs. 7.32–7.42), are often diagnosed [12,28] and called lactic acidosis. Among three types (A, B and D) of lactic acidosis, type B is associated with highly active mitotic solid and hematological malignancies [29,30,31].…”

Role of long non-coding RNAs in glucose metabolism in cancer

“…Although glycolysis produces less ATP than oxidative phosphorylation, glycolytic intermediates provide the carbon sources that are required for rapid cell proliferation [7]. The lactate generated by glycolysis lowers the pH of the extracellular matrix (ECM) [8]. Acidic microenvironment promotes tumor invasion and metastasis and confers resistance to radiation therapy [9, 10].…”

Exosomal Non-Coding RNAs: Regulatory and Therapeutic Target of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

“…The metabolic phenotype of aerobic glycolysis can induce tumor cells to form a state of high glucose uptake, providing ATP for tumor proliferation and intermediates/substrates for the synthesis of biological macromolecules ( 88 – 91 ). Meanwhile, pyruvate is converted into lactic acid, which lowers the pH value of the extracellular matrix ( 92 ), the acidic tumor microenvironment inducing tumor invasion and metastasis, as well as improving the resistance to ionizing radiation ( 93 , 94 ). The unique metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells creates a favorable energy supply mode and survival soil for their own growth.…”