Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Probio-M9-Driven Mouse Mammary Tumor-Inhibitory Effect Is Accompanied by Modulation of Host Gut Microbiota, Immunity, and Serum Metabolome

Abstract

Gut microbiome may influence tumor growth and cancer treatment efficacy, so it is a potential target for tumor prevention/treatment. This pilot study investigated the preventive and therapeutic effects of a probiotic strain, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Probio-M9 (Probio-M9), against murine mammary cancer. Thirty-six female mice were randomly divided into three groups (n = 12 per group): control (without tumor transplantation), model (tumor transplantation; no probiotic administration), and probiotic (30-day oral gavage of probiotic, started seven days before tumor transplantation). Changes in tumor size were recorded, and blood, tumor tissue, and stool samples were collected at the end of the trial for analyses. Comparing with the model group, the probiotic group had a significantly smaller tumor volume (p < 0.05), a higher fecal microbiota Shannon diversity index, with significant modifications in the gut microbiota structure (p < 0.05), characterized by more Alistipes sp._2, Porphyromonadaceae bacterium_7, and Bacteroidales bacterium 55_9 (p < 0.05). Additionally, Probio-M9 administration elevated the serum IFN-γ, IL-9, IL-13, and IL-27 levels and several metabolites (e.g., pyridoxal, nicotinic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, glutamine; p < 0.05), while reducing IL-5 (p < 0.05). These changes might be associated with the protective effect of Probio-M9 against mammary tumor growth. Thus, probiotic administration could harness host gut microbiome in anti-cancer responses.

Novel Synergistic Probiotic Intervention: Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis Reveals Ameliorative Effects on Immunity, Gut Barrier, and Metabolism of Mice during Salmonella typhimurium Infection

“…The findings indicate that probiotic mixtures can preserve cell structures, functions, and epithelial integrity even during Salmonella infection, as seen by the 33 and 18 elevated DEGs in the focal adhesion pathway and ECM-receptor interaction (Figure 5A,B). Similarly, 16, 11, 9, and 9 upregulated DEGs were found in the inositol phosphate metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism in the LAPST group as compared to CPG (Figures S6A,B and S7A,B), which aligns with previous findings by Wu et al [72], Zhang et al [73], and Lin et al [74].…”

Probiotics alleviate constipation and inflammation in late gestating and lactating sows

“…The probiotic strains, Bifidobacterium lactis Probio-M8 (Probio-M8) and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Probio-M9 (Probio-M9), were originally isolated from human breast milk; and a previous integrated culture-dependent/-independent study found that Probio-M8 could translocate to the infant’s intestine via oral‑/entero‑mammary routes 21 . These strains have previously been reported to relieve constipation and gastrointestinal symptoms in Parkinson’s patients 22 , reduce body inflammation and relieve acute respiratory tract infections in young children 23 , and increase antitumor immune efficacy by combining/not combining anti-PD-1 24 , 25 . Moreover, complex probiotics containing both strains have been used in multiple animal and clinical trials 26 , 27 , demonstrating their added beneficial effects when used in adjunct to conventional drugs for managing ulcerative colitis and irritable bowel syndrome 28 , 29 .…”

Gut microbiota and metabolic profiles in chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced rats: disease-associated dysbiosis and metabolic disturbances

“…SCFAs are essential for colon function and body health, and they are produced during protein digestion and absorption (71). Amino acids play a key role in various fundamental functions in the human body and are closely related to OSA, and the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in intestinal protein/ amino acid metabolism (72). Cancer development involves abnormal cell proliferation, which drives the uncontrolled metabolic demands of cells (73).…”