Lactobacillus acidophilus alleviates the inflammatory response to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 via inhibition of the NF-κB and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in piglets

Abstract

BackgroundA newly isolated L. acidophilus strain has been reported to have potential anti-inflammatory activities against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge in piglet, while the details of the related inflammatory responses are limited. Here we aimed to analysis the ability of L. acidophilus to regulate inflammatory responses and to elucidate the mechanisms involved in its anti-inflammatory activity.ResultsThe ETEC (enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli) K88-induced up-regulations of IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α were obviously inhibited by L. acidophilus while IL-10 was significantly increased. Moreover, L. acidophilus down-regulated pattern recognition receptors TLR (Toll-like receptor) 2 and TLR4 expression in both spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes of ETEC-challenged piglets, in accompanied with the reduced phosphorylation levels of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38 as well in spleen of ETEC-infected piglets. Furthermore, L.acidophilus significantly increased the expression of the negative regulators of TLRs signaling, including Tollip, IRAK-M, A20 and Bcl-3 in spleen of ETEC-challenged piglets.ConclusionsOur findings suggested that L. acidophilus regulated inflammatory response to ETEC via impairing both NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in piglets.

Dietary supplementation with Clostridium butyricum helps to improve the intestinal barrier function of weaned piglets challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88

“…; Li et al . ). Consequently, inflammatory mediators regulate the host defence against invading pathogens in addition to eliciting host‐tissue injury.…”

“…Culturing, harvesting and counting of ETEC K88 were conducted as previously described (Li et al . ).…”

“…The ETEC K88 strain was obtained from the China Veterinary Culture Collection Center (CVCC1502). Culturing, harvesting and counting of ETEC K88 were conducted as previously described (Li et al 2016).…”

“…In the present study, piglets were orally challenged with ETEC K88 as previously described (Li et al . ). A piglet model, which is a well‐characterized animal model for studying piglet nutrition and gastrointestinal physiology (Qiao et al .…”

“…Based on this information, we hypothesized that C. butyricum supplementation would affect intestinal health by regulating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines through influencing NLRP inflammasome signalling pathways. In the present study, piglets were orally challenged with ETEC K88 as previously described (Li et al 2016). A piglet model, which is a well-characterized animal model for studying piglet nutrition and gastrointestinal physiology , was used to investigate the effect of C. butyricum on attenuating ETEC K88induced intestinal injury via modulation of the NLRP inflammasome signalling pathway.…”