Lactobacillus helveticus SBT2171 Attenuates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice

Abstract

We recently reported that Lactobacillus helveticus SBT2171 (LH2171) inhibited the proliferation and inflammatory cytokine production of primary immune cells in vitro, and alleviated collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice, a model of human rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, we newly investigated whether LH2171 could relieve the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a murine model of multiple sclerosis (MS), which is an autoimmune disease, but develop the symptoms by different mechanisms from RA. In MS and EAE, main cause of the disease is the abnormality in CD4+ T cell immunity, whereas in RA and CIA, is that in antibody-mediated immunity. The intraperitoneal administration of LH2171 significantly decreased the incidence and clinical score of EAE in mice. LH2171 also reduced the numbers of pathogenic immune cells, especially Th17 cells, in the spinal cord at the peak stage of disease severity. Interestingly, before the onset of EAE, LH2171 administration remarkably decreased the ratio of Th17 cells to CD4+ T cells in the inguinal lymph nodes (LNs), where pathogenic immune cells are activated to infiltrate the central nervous system, including the spinal cord. Furthermore, the expression of interleukin (IL)-6, an inflammatory cytokine essential for Th17 differentiation, decreased in the LNs of LH2171-administered mice. Moreover, LH2171 significantly inhibited IL-6 production in vitro from both DC2.4 and RAW264.7 cells, model cell lines of antigen-presenting cells. These findings suggest that LH2171 might down-regulate IL-6 production and the subsequent Th17 differentiation and spinal cord infiltration, consequently alleviating EAE symptoms.

Lactobacillus helveticus SBT2171 upregulates the expression of β‐defensin and ameliorates periodontal disease caused by Porphyromonas gingivalis

“…25 Biogenics are easier to handle than In this study, we focused on LH2171, which has been used in food. The beneficial effects of LH2171, such as attenuation of autoimmune diseases, [26][27][28] have been demonstrated earlier. To evaluate the availability and functionality of LH2171, we investigated whether LH2171 upregulated the expression of antimicrobial peptides and subsequently suppressed the harmful bacteria.…”

How oral probiotics affect the severity of an experimental model of progressive multiple sclerosis? Bringing commensal bacteria into the neurodegenerative process

“…3 However, other studies reported a therapeutic role of probiotic administration in a variety of EAE models. On this matter, orally administration of Bacteroides fragilis, 9,10 Prevotella histicola, 11 different species of Lactobacillus (L. paracasei plus L. plantarum; 12 L. Reuteri; 13 L. helveticus 14 ), or multi-strain probiotics 15 have demonstrated to improve EAE. In addition, probiotics supplementation to RRMS patients has been shown to modulate immunity by exerting anti-inflammatory effects.…”

Intestinal microbiota composition and peripheral blood Th cell subsets in patients with multiple sclerosis

“…Вероятность увеличения патогенных популяций Th17 -DP Th17 и Th17/Th22 -возрастет также при низком уровне Lactobacillus spp. Использование пробиотических лактобацилл оказывало позитивный эффект на течение ЭАЭ у животных [76], что также подтверждает необходимость присутствия в кишечнике большого количества бактерий, принадлежащих к роду Lactobacillus. Уменьшение содержания Lactobacillus spp.…”