Lactobacillus paracasei treatment modulates mRNA expression in macrophages

Abstract

Macrophage metabolic pathways show changes in response to various external stimuli. Especially, increased lipopolysaccharide, an important bacterial component and Toll-like receptor 4 agonist, can induce activity in various macrophage metabolic pathways, including energy production and biosynthesis, as well as high immune responses due to increase in differentiated M1 macrophages. In this study, we confirmed that Lactobacillus paracasei ( L. paracasei ) KBL382, KBL384 and KBL385, isolated from the feces of healthy Koreans, can modulate various enzymes and membrane transporters related to glycolysis or macrophage polarization including hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1A), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and arginase in stimulated macrophages at the mRNA level, using the in vitro rodent bone‐marrow‐derived macrophage (BMDM) model. All L. paracasei exhibited significant down-regulatory effects on mRNAs for glycolysis-related enzymes, including lactate dehydrogenase A, solute carrier family 2 member 1, and triosephosphate isomerase. Moreover, L. paracasei treatment could lead to significant reductions in HIF1A or iNOS mRNA, and induced arginase mRNA in the BMDM model. Therefore, further extensive studies should be performed to support the application of L. paracasei, such as in probiotics or therapeutics, in controlling abnormal immune responses related to macrophage.

Co-administration of Lactobacillus gasseri KBL697 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor infliximab improves colitis in mice

“…Probiotics have been shown to be useful in the prevention and treatment for various acute and chronic human diseases 10 . Probiotics can interact with the intestinal epithelium and modulate immune system of host 11 – 13 . Previous studies have been especially suggested that Lactobacillus spp .…”

Lacticaseibacillus paracasei K56 inhibits lipid accumulation in adipocytes by promoting lipolysis

“…Similarly, studies have reported that the expression of inflammatory cytokines in macrophages induced by L. paracasei is inherently weaker than other Lacticaseibacillus species [42,43]. L. paracasei may avoid hyper-polarization of M1 macrophages by downregulating the gene expression of glycolysis-related enzymes and membrane transporters [44]. As reported, TNF-α can downregulate PPAR-γ and C/EBP-α expression by activating NF-κB and MAPKs pathways, including ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and JNK in adipocytes [7,45,46].…”