Laminarin favorably modulates gut microbiota in mice fed a high-fat diet

Abstract

We investigated the anti-obesity effects of the potential prebiotic, laminarin, on mice fed a high-fat diet. A metagenomics approach was applied to characterize the ecological and functional differences of gut microbiota among mice fed a normal diet (CTL), a high-fat diet (HFD), and a laminarin-supplemented high-fat diet (HFL). The HFL mice showed a slower weight gain than the HFD mice during the laminarin-feeding period, but the rate of weight gain increased after the termination of laminarin supplementation. Gut microbial community analysis showed clear differences between the CTL and HFD mice, whereas the HFL mice were between the two. A higher abundance of carbohydrate active enzymes was observed in the HFL mice compared to the HFD mice, with especially notable increases in glycoside hydrolase and polysaccharide lyases. A significant decrease in Firmicutes and an increase in the Bacteroidetes phylum, especially the genus Bacteroides, were observed during laminarin ingestion. Laminarin ingestion altered the gut microbiota at the species level, which was re-shifted after termination of laminarin ingestion. Therefore, supplementing laminarin could reduce the adverse effects of a high-fat diet by shifting the gut microbiota towards a higher energy metabolism. Thus, laminarin could be used to develop anti-obesity functional foods. Our results also suggest that laminarin would need to be consumed regularly in order to prevent or manage obesity.

Kudingcha and Fuzhuan Brick Tea Prevent Obesity and Modulate Gut Microbiota in High‐Fat Diet Fed Mice

“…Moreover, HFD administration could lead to typical obesity‐driven dysbiosis in the gut microbiota by increasing Firmicutes relative abundance and decreasing Bacteroidetes relative abundance . On the other hand, supplementation with polyphenols, polysaccharides, and other functional ingredients could reduce the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, which contributed to the prevention of body weight gain induced by HFD . In the present study, FBT could significantly reduce the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, suggesting that the modulation of gut microbiota to decrease the energy harvest might contribute to attenuating the obesity induced by HFD.…”

Lonicera caerulea L. Polyphenols Alleviate Oxidative Stress‐Induced Intestinal Environment Imbalance and Lipopolysaccharide‐Induced Liver Injury in HFD‐Fed Rats by Regulating the Nrf2/HO‐1/NQO1 and MAPK Pathways

“…reported that HFD can induce an increased abundance of Firmicutes and a decreased abundance of Bacteroidetes in the intestine. [ 62 ] Another study reported that HFD increased the abundance of LPS‐producing Proteobacteria and decreased the abundance of Tenericutes that are positively related to the content of short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs). [ 63 ] Interestingly, the supplementation of LCP or Vc can effectively reduce the abundances of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria and increase the abundances of Bacteroidetes and Tenericutes in the gut of the HFD‐fed rats, which may result in an increase in the content of SCFAs.…”

Potential Use of Marine Seaweeds as Prebiotics: A Review

“…It was previously shown that variations in the chemical structure of a prebiotic can impact its selective fermentation by bacteria [41]. For this reason, there were published large works regarding the investigation of the potential prebiotic effect of single polysaccharides, often contained in seaweeds, but employing pure standards [42][43][44]. However, it should be considered that seaweeds contain other components than also can affect GM.…”