Laminarin From Salicornia herbacea Stimulates Glucose Uptake Through AMPK-p38 MAPK Pathways in L6 Muscle Cells

Abstract

Laminarin is a component of brown seaweed, especially isolated from Salicornia herbacea. Laminarin was known to have various physiological functions, however, the molecular mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we report that laminarin stimulates an activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and increases glucose uptake in rat L6 myotubes. Laminarin also increases an intracellular calcium release. Inhibition of Ca2+ release, using with CaMKK inhibitor, STO-609, blocked laminarin-induced AMPK activity, indicating that laminarin stimulated AMPK activity via calcium. In addition, laminarin activates p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways depending on AMPK activity. Moreover, the inhibition of either AMPK or p38 MAPK blocked laminarin-induced glucose uptake in rat L6 myotubes. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the hypoglycemic effect of laminarin is caused by its ability to activate AMPK-p38 MAPK pathways in skeletal muscles.

Microalgae Produce Antioxidant Molecules with Potential Preventive Effects on Mitochondrial Functions and Skeletal Muscular Oxidative Stress

“…It is also a dual regulator of apoptosis and cell proliferation, with antioxidant activity occurring through three mechanisms, including ROS scavenging, regulation of the antioxidant system and oxidative-stress-mediated signaling pathways [204]. In rat L6 myotubes, it has been reported that laminarin was able to activate the AMPK/p38MAPK (p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathways in skeletal muscles, resulting in a better production of ATP and glucose uptake [205]. In fish muscles, β-glucans have been shown to decrease protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation and ROS levels.…”