Land Cover and Characteristics of Landslides Induced by the 2018 M_w 6.7 Eastern Iburi Earthquake, Hokkaido

Abstract

Earthquake-induced landslides are a major sediment disaster that can lead to significant fatalities and destruction of infrastructures [Owen et al ., 2008]. Numerous studies have investigated the characteristics of earthquake-induced landslides worldwide. By studying the 2015 Mw 7.8 Gorkha earthquake in Nepal, Roback et al . [2018] identified that slopes with gradients ranging from 40 to 50°and high-relief Himalayan mountainous topography (2500-5000 m a.s. l.) increased susceptibility to landslides. A high proportion of landslides occurred on hillslopes with gradients of 30-40°in the 2013 Mw 5.9 Minxian earthquake in China [Tian et al ., 2016]. In Japan, Koyanagi et al . [2020] demonstrated that landslides occurred on upwardly convex landforms in the 6.9 km 2 Tokosegawa watershed of the Mount Aso volcano region in the 2016 Mw 7.0 Kumamoto earthquake.The mobility of landslides is an important factor in their characterization. Guo et al . [2014] reported that the 46 landslides caused by the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake traveled for 347-4170 m depending on the slope gradient. A rainfall-induced landslide in the 2014 Oso disaster in Washington, United States, was transported for approximately 1 km because of a high water content and liquefied conditions [Iverson et al ., 2015]. Kharismalatri et al . [2017] showed that 33 deep-seated landslides traveled for 130-3310 m depending on the stream gradient and inflow angle.Vegetation ground cover is another key factor for characterizing landslides and their mobilities in

Vegetation Effects on Phosphorus Runoff from Headwater Catchments in a Cool-Temperate Region with Landslides, Northern Japan

“…; Figure 1). This region was severely affected by the 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi earthquake [39]. The underlying bedrock consists of Neogene sedimentary rock.…”