Land-use change and management effects on carbon sequestration in soils of Russia's South Taiga zone

Ларионова, А. А.; Rozanova, L. N.; Yevdokimov, I. V.; Yermolayev, A. M.; Kurganova, I. N.; Blagodatsky, Sergey

doi:10.1034/j.1600-0889.2003.00042.x

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Root C/N ratio was increased by 24% under elevated CO 2 concentration. This result, along with the fact that timothy root biomass increased with N fertilization (Piva et al, 2013), concurs with the observation of Larionova et al (2003) that application of fertilizer increases soil C accumulation in grassland but the newly formed soil organic matter is less resistant to decomposition than that in unfertilized soil. This increase in C/N ratio was partly caused by the decrease in root N concentration that we observed at both harvests.…”

Section: Root Compositionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Elevated CO₂ and Temperature Affect Composition and in vitro Degradability of Timothy Roots

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

2893ReseaRch C anadian grassland ecosystems will probably be subjected to an average increase of 200 µmol mol -1 in atmospheric CO 2 concentration (IPCC, 2007) and of 3°C in air temperature by the end of the century (Bourque and Simonet, 2008). These future conditions are bound to affect the growth and metabolism of aboveground and belowground parts of plants. The effect of elevated temperature and CO 2 concentration on yield and nutritive value of the aboveground biomass of several grass species has been studied (Morgan et al., 2004) as well as on carbon dynamics in a temperate grassland (Xie et al., 2005). Their impact on root composition and degradability, however, is much less understood. The comprehensive analysis of root composition and degradability in relation to climatic variables could be useful to predict C sequestration and C dynamics in response to climate change (Zhang et al., 2008).Root chemical composition has been reported to be a determining factor of root degradability (Birouste et al.aBSTRaCT Climate change is expected to affect the growth and metabolism of both aboveground and belowground parts of most crop species including timothy (Phleum pratense L.), a major forage grass species in northern regions. our objective was to assess the effects of predicted increases in Co 2 concentration and temperature on root chemical composition and degradability of timothy grown under contrasted N fertilization. Timothy was grown in growth chambers under either 400 or 600 µmol mol -1 of Co 2 at day and night temperatures of either 22 and 10°C or 25 and 15°C and was fertilized with 0, 60, or 120 kg N ha -1 . root degradability was characterized using two in vitro enzymatic methods: in vitro true digestibility (IVTD) and enzyme-released glucose from cell walls (CW), while root composition was determined for N and C concentrations and enzyme-released hemicellulose and pectin concentrations. Increasing temperature and atmospheric Co 2 concentration generally decreased N concentration and increased the C/N ratio and decreased root degradability assessed by the two enzymatic methods under all three N rates. When both factors were considered together, root N concentration was 13% lower and the C/N ratio was 19% greater under predicted future conditions than under current conditions at first harvest. Both enzymatic approaches showed that root degradability was lower under elevated Co 2 and temperature compared with current conditions with an estimated average reduction of 6.3% with the IVTD method and 15.5% with the enzyme-released glucose method. predicted future conditions of elevated Co 2 and temperature decreased timothy root degradability across a wide range of N fertilization compared with current conditions and this could increase its potential for soil C sequestration.

show abstract

Section: Root Compositionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Elevated CO₂ and Temperature Affect Composition and in vitro Degradability of Timothy Roots

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The first was the abandonment of agricultural land. Estimates of the total area of arable lands withdrawn form agricultural use given for the period 1990-2005 diverge widely ranging from 10.1 (FAOSTAT) to 34.0 Mha (Larionova et al, 2003) Kharuk et al, 2010). In the next section we also provide a separate assessment of these effects based on model results and experimental evidence.…”

Section: Land Use Change In Leamentioning

confidence: 99%

An estimate of the terrestrial carbon budget of Russia using inventory-based, eddy covariance and inversion methods

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. We determine the net land to atmosphere flux of carbon in Russia, including Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan, using inventory-based, eddy covariance, and inversion methods. Our high boundary estimate is −342 Tg C yr −1 from the eddy covariance method, and this is close to the upper bounds of the inventory-based Land Ecosystem Assessment and inverse models estimates. A lower boundary estimate is provided at −1350 Tg C yr −1 from the inversion models. The average of the three methods is −613.5 Tg C yr −1 . The methane emission is estimated separately at 41.4 Tg C yr −1 .These three methods agree well within their respective error bounds. There is thus good consistency between bottomup and top-down methods. The forests of Russia primarily cause the net atmosphere to land flux (−692 Tg C yr −1 from the LEA. It remains however remarkable that the three methods provide such close estimates (−615, −662, −554 Tg C yr −1 ) for net biome production (NBP), given the inherent uncertainties in all of the approaches. The lack of recent forest inventories, the few eddy covariance sites and associated uncertainty with upscaling and undersampling of concentrations for the inversions are among the prime causes of the uncertainty. The dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) suggest a much lower uptake at −91 Tg C yr −1 , and we argue that this is caused by a high estimate of heterotrophic respiration compared to other methods.

show abstract

“…Where farming ceases, significant amounts of carbon can be sequestered as succession replaces farmland with grasslands, shrublands, and finally forests (Houghton, 1999;Post & Kwon, 2000;Rhemtulla et al, 2009). Yet, despite widespread postsocialist farmland abandonment in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union, resulting carbon fluxes have so far only been assessed in two studies (Larionova et al, 2003;Vuichard et al, 2008). Focusing on soil carbon, a process-driven ecosystem model revealed that cropland-grassland conversions in European Russia resulted in a net carbon sink of up to 64 Tg C between 1991 and 2000 (Vuichard et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Focusing on soil carbon, a process-driven ecosystem model revealed that cropland-grassland conversions in European Russia resulted in a net carbon sink of up to 64 Tg C between 1991 and 2000 (Vuichard et al, 2008). Similarly, downscaling carbon sequestration rates measured in abandoned fields around Moscow suggest cropland abandonment may offset a significant amount of Russia's industrial CO 2 emissions (Larionova et al, 2003). Both prior studies focused solely on cropland-grassland conversions although carbon storage potential in regrowing forests may be much higher (Houghton, 2005;Luyssaert et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Soviet farmland abandonment, forest recovery, and carbon sequestration in western Ukraine

Kuemmerle

Olofsson

Chaskovskyy

et al. 2010

Global Change Biology

173

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Land use is a critical factor in the global carbon cycle, but land-use effects on carbon fluxes are poorly understood in many regions. One such region is Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union, where land-use intensity decreased substantially after the collapse of socialism, and farmland abandonment and forest expansion have been widespread. Our goal was to examine how land-use trends affected net carbon fluxes in western Ukraine (57 000 km 2 ) and to assess the region's future carbon sequestration potential. Using satellite-based forest disturbance and farmland abandonment rates from 1988 to 2007, historic forest resource statistics, and a carbon bookkeeping model, we reconstructed carbon fluxes from land use in the 20th century and assessed potential future carbon fluxes until 2100 for a range of forest expansion and logging scenarios. Our results suggested that the low-point in forest cover occurred in the 1920s. Forest expansion between 1930 and 1970 turned the region from a carbon source to a sink, despite intensive logging during socialism. The collapse of the Soviet Union created a vast, but currently largely untapped carbon sequestration potential (up to $150 Tg C in our study region). Future forest expansion will likely maintain or even increase the region's current sink strength of 1.48 Tg C yr À1 . This may offer substantial opportunities for offsetting industrial carbon emissions and for rural development in regions with otherwise diminishing income opportunities. Throughout Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union, millions of hectares of farmland were abandoned after the collapse of socialism; thus similar reforestation opportunities may exist in other parts of this region.

show abstract

Land-use change and management effects on carbon sequestration in soils of Russia's South Taiga zone

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Elevated CO₂ and Temperature Affect Composition and in vitro Degradability of Timothy Roots

Elevated CO₂ and Temperature Affect Composition and in vitro Degradability of Timothy Roots

An estimate of the terrestrial carbon budget of Russia using inventory-based, eddy covariance and inversion methods

Post-Soviet farmland abandonment, forest recovery, and carbon sequestration in western Ukraine

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Land-use change and management effects on carbon sequestration in soils of Russia's South Taiga zone

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Elevated CO2 and Temperature Affect Composition and in vitro Degradability of Timothy Roots

Elevated CO2 and Temperature Affect Composition and in vitro Degradability of Timothy Roots

An estimate of the terrestrial carbon budget of Russia using inventory-based, eddy covariance and inversion methods

Post-Soviet farmland abandonment, forest recovery, and carbon sequestration in western Ukraine

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Elevated CO₂ and Temperature Affect Composition and in vitro Degradability of Timothy Roots

Elevated CO₂ and Temperature Affect Composition and in vitro Degradability of Timothy Roots