Landscape as a Geosystem

Miklós, László; Kočická, Erika; Izakovičová, Zita; Kočický, Dušan; Špinerová, Anna; Diviaková, Andrea; Miklósová, Viktória

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-94024-3_2

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This step is needed, but the mere comparison of changes on a given area in certain time only shows the encounters of one pair of activities. The presented integrated approach, supported by a matrix model, allows the analysis for the same area at the same time all existing and planned encounters of all relevant activities by assessments of the harmony of primary landscape structure (PLS), secondary landscape structure (SLS) and tertiary landscape structure (TLS) [10][11][12] and [13] (see Chapter 2.1.d). This approach includes the mutual comparison of the abiotic conditions (PLS), land cover including biotic elements (SLS), as well as the legal conditions and limits for development of a territory (TLS).…”

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“…These methods have been developed at the Institute of Landscape Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences since the early 1980s (including by the authors), and applied to a number of concrete territories [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. The approach is based on geosystem theory [22][23][24][25] applied to the needs of landscape ecological planning [12,26]. The methodology and the individual methods have been continually improved, incorporating new techniques, such as GIS, remote sensing and other computer techniques [26][27][28].The aim of this paper is to present the methodology for the assessment of environmental land use conflicts, based on this integrative approach.…”

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“…The approach is based on geosystem theory [22][23][24][25] applied to the needs of landscape ecological planning [12,26]. The methodology and the individual methods have been continually improved, incorporating new techniques, such as GIS, remote sensing and other computer techniques [26][27][28].The aim of this paper is to present the methodology for the assessment of environmental land use conflicts, based on this integrative approach. Since the problems of the conflict of land use in our understanding arise from the mutual relation of all structures and components of the geographical sphere, the object of our assessment is the integrated system of a spatial section of the geosphere-the landscape as a geosystem [29][30][31].…”

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Integrative Assessment of Land Use Conflicts

2018

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Changes in land use are reflected primary in changes of land cover, but subsequently cause conflict of interest of sectors and are the main initiation of many environmental problems. The basic tool for sustainable utilization of the landscape is integrated landscape management, which, in our understanding, is the environmentally biased harmonization of tools which regulate the spatial organization and functional utilization of the landscape to avoid the conflicts of interest of sectors. "Integrated" in this case means the systematic assessment of the interests of all relevant sectors from the environmental point of view. The scientific base of this approach is the understanding of the landscape as a geosystem, and, in particular, the proper interpretation of the mutual relations of primary, secondary and tertiary landscape structures and their role in the assessment of the conflicts of interest. This paper presents a theoretical and methodical base for the integrated approach to the assessment of the conflicts of interest of the sectors in the landscape. The theoretical-methodical base was applied to the model territory of the Trnava district (south-west Slovakia). Mutual conflicts of interest of endangering and endangered sectors cause diverse problems, which were ranked in three basic groups as: problems of endangering of the ecological stability of the landscape (including endangering of biodiversity and nature conservation areas); problems of endangering of natural resources (in particular forests, soils, waters); and, problems of endangering the immediate human environment (stress factors in residential and recreational areas). The result is the identification and analysis of the conflicts of interest in the territory and their projection to a map. This research should be followed by implementation of procedures of ecologically optimal spatial organization and utilization of the territory for regular spatial planning processes. of the GMTs are not yet completely known, as many have begun to manifest themselves in recent years. The relationships between individual GMTs raise a large number of questions, and there are still many deficiencies in the knowledge of their impact on the landscape.Several of these environmental global megatrends are initiated by inappropriate land use. According to Food and Agriculture Organization of the Unated Nations (FAO) information, up to 60% of the world's ecosystems are degraded and exploited unsustainably [5]. In the EU, only 17% of habitats and species and 11% of key ecosystems protected by European legislation show a favorable status [4][5][6]. This is despite the adoption of measures in 2001 to combat biodiversity loss. All scenarios of global and regional assessments show that biodiversity loss, degradation of ecosystems and threats to environmental conditions will continue or even accelerate [7]. Human activities, global population growth and changing consumption patterns are key factors responsible for this growing environmental burden, which primarily becomes evident ...

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Integrative Assessment of Land Use Conflicts

2018

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“…We must therefore examine the relationships between the different landscape features and emphasize that all decision-making should apply an integrated approach based on understanding landscape as a geo-ecosystem. Landscape is envisaged in integrated scope, combining all layers of the following resources; the geological base, water and soil, climate, and biotic and morphometric parameters [13]. The geo-ecosystem encompasses a complex system of space, position, relief, and all other functionally interconnected physical landscape features of the geo-sphere where man and other organisms live and act.…”

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Integrated Approach to Sustainable Land Use Management

2018

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This article presents the integrated approach to sustainable land use management based on the assessment of land use and related land cover changes. Land use changes are conditioned by human activities producing changes in landscape cover and initiating processes which cause many environmental problems. It is therefore important to determine the drivers and causality of landscape changes which can then be negated to ensure sustainable land use management. The integrated landscape research approach is based on understanding landscape as a geo-ecosystem with natural, human, cultural, and historical potential. Our aim is to define the aspects of land use management which can regulate social development. The proposal for optimal land use is based on the interaction between natural capital, represented by the supply of natural regional resources and environmental conditions as well as demand represented by community need for development. The conflict between the supply of natural capital and demands lacking respect for landscape resources is an important determining factor in environmental and human problems. The integrated approach is focused on long-term rational utilization of the natural and cultural-historical resources, urban development, and the elimination of current environmental and socioeconomic problems as well as the prevention of new ones. Multi-criteria analysis is required for final environmental decision-making.

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