Landscape evolution of Punta Arena sand spit (SE Baja California Peninsula, NW Mexico): Implications of ENSO on landscape erosion rates

Castillo, Miguel; Muñoz‐Salinas, Esperanza; Sanderson, David; Cresswell, A.J.

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2020.104601

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 29 publications

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“…The morphodynamics of many single spits are affected by natural climatic oscillations, such as ENSO [36,[154][155][156] and NAO [76,157], as well as by human disturbances, ranging from global climate change, including sea-level rise and ice melting between other effects [158][159][160][161], to local impacts. Coastal defense structures have been built in many spits to avoid erosion, usually on the seashore [10], and more rarely on the bayside [162].…”

Section: Anthropization Of the Paired Spitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Distribution and Morphodynamic Patterns of Paired Spits Developed at the Mouths of Interdistributary Bays of Deltas and within Coastal Channels

et al. 2023

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Previously, paired spits have been described at the mouths of bays, estuaries, and deltas. This study analyzed the worldwide distribution and morphodynamic patterns of paired spits located at the mouths of interdistributary bays of deltas (three systems) and within coastal channels (24 systems). The methodology was based on the detailed analysis of satellite images, nautical charts, and tidal-range databases. The paired spits found were mainly located on microtidal coasts at high or mid latitudes. Waves were the main factor controlling convergent progradation and breaching of the spits, while the hydraulic blockage for the development of these paired spits was mainly due to tide-induced currents, as well as minor fluvial outlets in the interdistributary bays. Three morphodynamic patterns were identified: (i) stable, with low progradation rates, generally without breaching or degradation of any of the spits; (ii) stationary, with high progradation rates, alternating degradation or breaching of any of the spits with the formation of new spits or closure of the breaches; and (iii) instable or ephemeral, which included three subtypes, the severe erosion of one or both spits, the joining of the head of the two spits forming a single barrier, and the merging of each with its channel margin.

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