Landslide at the abutment of the dam of the Mingechaur hydroelectric station

Abstract

a sharp change in the levels affects its stress state. Furthermore, the flow of the wells without reliable isolation and disposal of the outpouring water leads to additional wetting of the slope. Filling of the upper reservoir on the level regime of the aquifer [sentence(s) missing in Russian oriKinal] evaluation of their stability.Observations show the rather effective operation of the drainage systems. The exception is the dike of the upper reservoir, where high heads in the horizontal drainage are noted in the part adjacent to the water intake. A decrease of the discharge of the drainage systems and an increase of sanding of the vertical drainage in the moraine are noted simultaneously.An analysis of the data of on-site observations of the deformations on the land-slide slopes of the Zagorsk PSS makes possible routine monitoring of their state.A table of diagnostic characters of the state of the slope in the region of the penstock of the Zagorsk PSS was complied by the time of start of operation of the structure (Table i).During construction of the toe wall, early detection of progressive deformatioss promoted making the correct decision about conducting landslide-control measures and time of trial filling of the upper reservoir.According to the observation data, filling of the reservoir caused an increase of the rate of deformations of the slope up to 0.4 mm/day with a diminishing tendency. Reverse development of this deformation after rapid emptying of the reservoir permitted concluding its "elastic" (pseudoelastic) character (Fig. 3).

Landslides and growing folds: A lesson from the Kura fold-and-thrust belt (Azerbaijan, Georgia)

“…The largest landslide cluster in this area is located on the Boz Dag anticline along the southern shore of the Mingachevir Reservoir (Fig. 11), where more than a third of the landslides are classified as recent (see e.g., Kotyuzhan and Molokov, 1990). As depicted in Fig.…”

“…More attention was paid only to landslides around the shoreline of Mingachevir reservoir (Yetirmishli et al, 2018). Several planar slides on the limbs of the anticline, which are susceptible to reactivations triggered by fluctuations in water levels, have been documented, particularly along the southern bank of the Mingachevir reservoir in close proximity to the dam site (Kotyuzhan and Molokov, 1990;Bairamov et al, 1992;Islamova et al, 2019).…”

“…11a, the density of landslides on the Boz Dag anticline increases from both plunging noses of the anticline towards its central part. Although some landslides along the northern flank of the anticline may have originated due to groundwater rise related to the filling of the Mingachevir Reservoir in 1959 (Kotyuzhan and Molokov, 1990;Bairamov et al, 1992;Yetirmishli et al, 2018;Islamova et al, 2019), the distribution of landslides on both flanks of the anticline is clearly controlled by the local slope steepness and the dip of the beds. Landslides are completely absent on both low plunging noses of the anticline, and their occurrence is strictly confined to the highest central segment where the average dip of the beds exceeds 10 • (Fig.…”

“…While some mapped landslides may have been caused by past seismicity, almost a millennium has passed since the last significant earthquake, the M~7 AD 1139 Ganja earthquake (Ismail-Zadeh et al, 2020). Consequently, many landslides, especially in actively incising valleys and on dip slopes on anticlinal limbs, have likely been triggered by other factors, such as heavy rainfall, river undercutting, or anthropogenic activities (Kotyuzhan and Molokov, 1990;Bairamov et al, 1992;Yetirmishli et al, 2018;Islamova et al, 2019). In other settings, such as fault escarpments distal to actively eroding rivers, we speculate that large, old landslides may have a seismic origin, whereas smaller landslides have been removed due to erosion or anthropogenic activities since the last earthquake.…”