Landslide cost modeling for transportation infrastructures: a methodological approach

Klose, Martin; Damm, Bodo; Terhorst, Birgit

doi:10.1007/s10346-014-0481-1

Cited by 84 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…(i) an accurate event landslide inventory map, (ii) a map of the roads in the area affected by the landslide event and (iii) as accurate as possible cost data for the landslide damage. Heam et al (2008), Klose et al (2015) and Vranken et al (2013) have shown that geomorphological landslide inventories are valuable sources of information to evaluate annual landslide restoration costs. Our study extends these findings to event landslide inventories.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Klose et al (2015), working in Germany, found that landslide restoration costs were very difficult to obtain and, where available, their accuracy and reliability was difficult to evaluate. In Italy, and in many other countries, a standard procedure for the collection of landslide damage and related cost data does not exist.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Costs to improve slope stability in the design and construction phases were compared to potential benefits for ordinary and emergency maintenance. Klose et al (2015) investigated direct costs of Technical Note landslides along transportation routes in Lower Saxony, Germany, between 1980 and 2010, and proposed a methodology for an ex post assessment based on the compilation, modelling and extrapolation of the landslide losses at different spatial scales over time. Using a landslide database, a regional landslide susceptibility model and cost data, the average annual cost per kilometre of highway was ascertained, for two case studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of event landslides on road networks: a statistical analysis of two Italian case studies

et al. 2017

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Despite abundant information on landslides, and on landslide hazard and risk, in Italy, little is known on the direct impact of event landslides on road networks and on the related economic costs. We investigated the physical and economic damage caused by two rainfall-induced landslide events in Central and Southern Italy, to obtain road restoration cost statistics. Using a GIS-based method, we exploited road maps and landslide event inventory maps to compute different metrics that quantify the impact of the landslide events on the natural landscape and on the road networks, by road type. The maps were used with cost data obtained from multiple sources, including local authorities, and specific legislation, to evaluate statistically the unit cost per metre of damaged road and the unit cost per square metre of damaging landslide, separately for main and secondary roads. The obtained unit costs showed large variations which we attribute to the different road types in the two study areas and to the different abundance of landslides. Our work confirms the long-standing conundrum of obtaining accurate landslide damage data and outlines the need for reliable, standardized methods to evaluate landslide damage and associated restoration costs that regional and local administrations can use rapidly in the aftermath of a landslide event. We conclude recommending that common standardized procedures to collect landslide cost data following each landslide event are established, in Italy and elsewhere. This will allow for more accurate and reliable evaluations of the economic costs of landslide events.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of event landslides on road networks: a statistical analysis of two Italian case studies

et al. 2017

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“…These works highlighted that the segments of the road network, which can act as a storage area for the sediments mobilized by a phenomenon upstream to the road, are those ones located in correspondence of zones characterized by high IC values. This aspect testifies how slope instability phenomena can actively deliver sediment to particular portions of a road network, producing damage provoked by the impact of the mobilized materials on the infrastructure (Sidle et al, 2014;Klose et al, 2015). Persichillo et al (2018) demonstrated that, in two catchments of Oltrepò Pavese, the road sectors hit by the materials mobilized by shallow landslides that occurred upstream are the ones located close to slopes characterized by the lowest or the highest values of sediments connectivity along the entire catchment.…”

Section: Predictor Variablesmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…They cause severe economic damage each year in the order of hundreds of billions of dollars (Zezere et al, 2007;Salvati et al, 2014;Gariano and Guzzetti, 2016). Slope instability induces significant damages, deaths and economic losses to infrastructures, to roads in particular (Van Westen et al, 2006;Klose et al, 2015). The main negative consequences of instability phenomena on roads are (Bil et al, 2014) (i) their partial or complete destruction, which can also cause human losses; (ii) the traffic restriction due to the blockage of a hit road, which may affect the entire network causing congestion and (iii) the cut-off of certain areas that cannot be reached by alternative routes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the susceptibility of a road network to shallow landslides with the integration of the sediment connectivity

Bordoni

Persichillo

Meisina

et al. 2018

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Landslides cause severe damage to the road network of the hit zone, in terms of both direct (partial or complete destruction of a road or blockages) and indirect (traffic restriction or the cut-off of a certain area) costs. Thus, the identification of the parts of the road network that are more susceptible to landslides is fundamental to reduce the risk to the population potentially exposed and the financial expense caused by the damage. For these reasons, this paper aimed to develop and test a data-driven model for the identification of road sectors that are susceptible to being hit by shallow landslides triggered in slopes upstream from the infrastructure. This model was based on the Generalized Additive Method, where the function relating predictors and response variable is an empirically fitted smooth function that allows fitting the data in the more likely functional form, considering also non-linear relations. This work also analyzed the importance, on the estimation of the susceptibility, of considering or not the sediment connectivity, which influences the path and the travel distance of the materials mobilized by a slope failure until hitting a potential barrier such as a road. The study was carried out in a catchment of northeastern Oltrepò Pavese (northern Italy), where several shallow landslides affected roads in the last 8 years. The most significant explanatory variables were selected by a random partition of the available dataset in two parts (training and test subsets), 100 times according to a bootstrap procedure. These variables (selected 80 times by the bootstrap procedure) were used to build the final susceptibility model, the accuracy of which was estimated through a 100-fold repetition of the holdout method for regression, based on the training and test sets created through the 100 bootstrap model selection. The presented methodology allows the identification, in a robust and reliable way, of the most susceptible road sectors that could be hit by sediments delivered by landslides. The best predictive capability was obtained using a model in which the index of connectivity was also calculated according to a linear relationship, was considered. Most susceptible road traits resulted to be located below steep slopes with a limited height (lower than 50 m), where sediment connectivity is high. Different land use scenarios were considered in order to estimate possible changes in road susceptibility. Land use classes of the study area were characterized by similar connectivity features. As a consequence, variations on the susceptibility of the road network according to different scenarios of distribution of land cover were limited. The results of this research demonstrate the ability of the developed methodology in the assessment of susceptible roads. This could give the managers of infrastructure information about the criticality of the different road traits, thereby allowing attention and economic budgets to be shifted towards the most critical assets, where structural and non-structur...

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Geo‐hydro‐mechanics for quantitative landslide hazard assessment (QHA)

2018

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Landslide risk represents a strong limitation to the social and economic development of civil society in chain areas. This is particularly the case in highly urbanized regions. The need for mitigation of landslide risk prompts landslide hazard mapping. The aim of the research work presented in the paper is the use of geo‐hydro‐mechanics for the assessment of landslide hazard from the site to the small scale. The geo‐hydro‐mechanical analysis of landslide hazard is first presented to diagnose single slope. To this aim, the procedure for the deterministic analyses of the internal/external slope factors and of the possible landslide processes bringing about instability is presented. The contribution offers an overview of the key steps of the deterministic procedure with the phenomenological interpretation of a landslide mechanism as first, and the numerical validation thereafter. A representative case study of application of the methodology is discussed. The case study is representative for chain slopes in the Italian Apennines and exemplifies the geo‐hydro‐mechanical diagnosis of landslide hazard in complex geological contexts. As second, a methodology for intermediate to regional scale landslide hazard assessment, based on geo‐mechanical interpretations, is also recalled. The methodology is the Multiscalar Method for Landslide Mitigation, MMLM (Cotecchia et al. 2016b; Cafaro et al. 2016). It uses the hydro‐mechanical diagnoses of landsliding at the slope scale as reference starting point. In this contribution, a brief example of the validation of the MMLM to the geologically complex Daunia‐Lucanian Apennines (Italy) is also shown.

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Landslide cost modeling for transportation infrastructures: a methodological approach

Cited by 84 publications

References 31 publications

Impact of event landslides on road networks: a statistical analysis of two Italian case studies

Impact of event landslides on road networks: a statistical analysis of two Italian case studies

Estimation of the susceptibility of a road network to shallow landslides with the integration of the sediment connectivity

Geo‐hydro‐mechanics for quantitative landslide hazard assessment (QHA)

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