Landslide mechanisms along carbonate rock cliffs and their impact on sustainable development: a case study, Egypt

El-Haddad, Bossy A.; Youssef, Ahmed M.; El-Shater, Abdel-Hamid; El-Khashab, Mohamed H.

doi:10.1007/s12517-021-06688-1

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Rock mass classification helps in the evaluation of the rock quality of the foundation bedrocks and slope stability assessment is essential for the evaluation of road cuts and cliff edges. Karstification in limestones constitutes a great problem facing the new Egyptian cities and newly constructed roads as mentioned in many studies; 15 th May City (Mohammed et al, 2020), Beni-Suef El Gedida city (Abdel Wahed et al, 2007), El Minia El Gedida city (Abdeltawab and Ibrahim, 1991;Abdeltawab, 2013) and Sohag-Assiut highways (El-Haddad et al, 2021). Slope stability and rock collapse problems affected these locations.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Mechanical and Petrophysicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rock mass classification of Eocene karstic limestone in New Galala City, Northern Galala Plateau, Gulf of Suez, Egypt

Gouda

Wahed²,

Fayed³

et al. 2022

Egyptian Journal of Geology

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T HE Egyptian Government is aiming to construct new urbanization development projects in order to expand beyond the old Capital; Galala city is one of the greatest new cities projects. The project location is sited on Karstic limestone that necessitates detailed and careful geological and geotechnical studies. The present research is focused on detailed field investigation, rock mass classification, evaluation of rock quality and stability for foundation of the new Galala City and the new highway crossing the karstic Lower Eocene limestone capping the Northern Galala Plateau.Detailed joint characterization is done through careful site investigations to evaluate the different parameters of discontinuities found in five stations. Rock Mass Rating (RMR) as a measure of the strength and rock mass deformation properties is determined to define the limitations in the rock mass and the unstable areas based on study of in-situ strength, groundwater condition, and joint condition measurements. Slope Mass Rating (SMR) is evaluated depending upon the RMR value added to factors including dip and dip direction of slope in relation to the different joint sets and also excavation method in the different study locations and the effect of geologic structures include fractures, joints, faults and damage zones. Kinematic analysis is performed to detect the potentiality of the different types of failure modes in the selected sites.The study specifies good (Class II) to fair (Class III) in RMR and Normal rock quality and partly stable in SMR classification for the studied locations. Kinematic analysis indicates the possibility of planar, wedge and toppling failure in most locations, however, the most critical situation is found in two location; one along the asphaltic road and the other on a NW trending scarp limiting the city location from its norther border. The first location is considered safe for wedge failure with factor of safety higher the unity under static and dynamic conditions. The second location is unsafe for wedge failure with safety factor smaller than unity even under static condition.The study indicates a good foundation for urbanizing a new city if the effect of human urban water factors on the foundation bedrock karstic limestone is taken into account. The presence of a scarp bounding the city location from its northeastern border represents a critical situation that must be taken in consideration.

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Section: Evaluation Of Mechanical and Petrophysicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rock mass classification of Eocene karstic limestone in New Galala City, Northern Galala Plateau, Gulf of Suez, Egypt

Gouda

Wahed²,

Fayed³

et al. 2022

Egyptian Journal of Geology

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“…Bencana longsor bisa diakibatkan beberapa hal, menurut (Shahabi & Hashim, 2015) penyebab longsor adalah akibat lereng yang terjal dan curah hujan yang tinggi merupakan faktor utama terjadinya longsor terutama untuk daerah kondisi tropis, di sisi lain faktor geologi sangat berperan terhadap terjadinya longsor, di mana batuan yang mudah lapuk dapat mempercepat terjadinya longsor terutama pada daerah galian di mana lereng batuan terbuka sehingga mudah mengalami perubahan akibat cuaca (El-Haddad et al, 2021).…”

Section: Latar Belakangunclassified

“…Meskipun daerah longsoran ini masuk dalam kawasan retakan tanah, namun longsor yang terjadi bukan karena proses kegempaan tetapi kemungkinan akibat proses pelapukan yang terjadi karena perubahan cuaca yang sangat sensitive terutama pada lapisan batu gamping (lime stone) sesuai dengan kondisi geologi setempat, hal ini sesuai dengan hasil penelitian (El-Haddad et al, 2021) bahwa batu gamping merupakan material yang lemah yang rentan terhadap longsor, terutama akibat proses siklus basah kering karena cuaca.…”

Section: Data Geologiunclassified

Pengaruh Pelapukan Lapisan Batuan Terhadap Stabilitas Lereng

Situmorang¹,

Kusrin

Christa³

et al. 2022

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Longsor merupakan suatu proses perpindahan massa batuan atau tanah akibat pengaruh gravitasi sebagai respon terhadap aktivitas alam yang menyebabkan kerusakan morfologi permukaan lereng, dan longsor yang terjadi di Wonogiri kemungkinan karena pelapukan lapisan batuan akibat curah hujan yang sering terjadi di aera tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tahapan pengambilan sampel batuan, pengukuran dan pengumpulan data sekunder. Klasifikasi batuan menggunakan parameter RQD, RMR dan Q-system untuk mengetahui karakteristik batuan. Hasil dari klasifikasi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa lapisan batuan di lokasi longsor masuk dalam kategori sedang hingga sangat rentan mengalami pelapukan. Dengan mempertimbangkan siklus curah hujan dan jumlah hujan dalam hari yang dihitung dalam satu tahun diketahui ada pengurangan kekuatan batuan berdasarkan penelitian terdahulu. Hasil analisa metode element hingga menunjukkan terjadi pengurangan kekuatan batuan berdasarkan parameter geser yang berakibat pada stablititas lereng batuan tersebut, dan pada tahun ke-10 diindikasikan nilai Safety Factor (SF) <1,3.

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Landslides in the Remolinos gypsum escarpment (NE Spain): controls imposed by stratigraphy, fluvial erosion, and interstratal salt dissolution

2023

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Dissolution of karst rocks (evaporites and carbonates) can cause significant mechanical weakening, but its preparatory role for landslide development has been scarcely explored. Fluvial valleys carved in gypsum bedrock typically display prominent escarpments with numerous landslides and perched valleys indicative of rapid retreat rate. The stratigraphic and cartographic analysis of the 37-km-long Remolinos gypsum escarpment in the Ebro Valley (NE Spain) reveals that landslide types are controlled by the lithological succession: (1) rotational slides in sections with mudstones and marls at the base; (2) rock-slope collapses (massive rock-falls) where the cliff includes halite packages at the foot; and (3) relatively small rock-falls and topples being the main failures affecting cliffs entirely made by gypsum. Fluvial undercutting by the highly mobile Ebro River is the main process that controls the spatial and temporal distribution of slope instability. Geomorphic and chronological evidence supports that the abandonment in 1574 of the El Castellar village was at least partially motivated by a shift in the river channel toward the escarpment and the consequent landslide activity. Several lines of evidence support the concept whereby interstratal salt dissolution (halite and glauberite), here designated as subsurface solutional undermining, play a significant preparatory role for landslide development: (1) dissolution of salt close to the scarp by the inward advance of dissolution fronts and subsidence of the overlying strata; (2) collapsed fault blocks with no offset across the grabens; and (3) brine seepages and extensive efflorescences and precipitates of Na-sulfates and halite.

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Landslide mechanisms along carbonate rock cliffs and their impact on sustainable development: a case study, Egypt

Cited by 4 publications

References 61 publications

Rock mass classification of Eocene karstic limestone in New Galala City, Northern Galala Plateau, Gulf of Suez, Egypt

Rock mass classification of Eocene karstic limestone in New Galala City, Northern Galala Plateau, Gulf of Suez, Egypt

Pengaruh Pelapukan Lapisan Batuan Terhadap Stabilitas Lereng

Landslides in the Remolinos gypsum escarpment (NE Spain): controls imposed by stratigraphy, fluvial erosion, and interstratal salt dissolution

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