Langerhans’ cells in the murine oral mucosa in the inductive phase of delayed type hypersensitivity with 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene

Abstract

SUMMARYWe created a murine model of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB). Using this murine model, we compared oral mucosal sensitization and skin sensitization for the difference in reaction during the elicitation phase. Evaluation of sensitizability, using the mouse ear swelling test (MEST) after oral mucosal or skin sensitization, showed that the ear swelling response peaked 24 h after challenge. The optimal induction concentration was 1·0% in both oral mucosal and skin sensitization, resulting in a positive reaction rate of 100%. However, the ear swelling response 24 h after challenge with the optimal concentration of DNCB (1·0%) was significantly lower in oral mucosal than in skin sensitization. We compared the oral mucosal and skin sensitization sites for the number of Langerhans' cells (LC) and the antigen-presenting capability in the induction phase. The numbers of F4/ 80 + major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II + LC before induction did not differ significantly between the oral mucosa and the skin. After induction, F4/80 + MHC class II + LC increased in number, but the increase was significantly smaller in the oral mucosa than in the skin. MEST on anti-CD86 antibody-administered mice showed that ear swelling was similarly suppressed after oral mucosal or skin sensitization. In murine models of DTH after oral mucosal sensitization, the number of F4/80 + CD86 + LC increased after induction, but the increase was significantly smaller than that in murine models of DTH after skin sensitization. This study showed that, in murine models of DTH, oral mucosal sensitization elicited a weaker reaction than skin sensitization. This was presumably because oral mucosal sensitization induced fewer LC, resulting in lower antigen-presenting capability.

Splenocyte Cytokine Profile in Mouse with Oral Mucosa-sensitization and Oral-tolerization by NiSO4

“…In our study, all animals were sensitized either by percutaneous or submucosal administration. These results clearly indicate that NiSO 4 can sensitize via the oral mucosa similarly to other antigens such as DNCB 13) , although submucosal injection of an antigen does not completely simulate contact with dental materials as seen in a clinical setting. Furthermore, ear swelling was significantly greater in the skin-than in the oral mucosa-sensitized mice at 48 hr after challenge with NiSO 4 .…”

“…In order to test this hypothesis, we need to compare skin and oral mucosa sensitization with nickel and oral tolerance for nickel in various models. Previous studies have shown that delayed-type hypersensitivity is induced in the oral mucosa by haptens such as 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB) 13) . However, a model for oral sensitization by metal ions such as those of nickel remains to be established.…”

Th1/Th2 Balance in Mouse Delayed-type Hypersensitivity Model with Mercuric Chloride via Skin and Oral Mucosa

“…Previous studies have shown that mice were sensitized by application of the haptens DNCB or oxazolone to the oral mucosa, as well as the skin [1][2][3]16) . The present results are consistent with the results of these earlier studies.…”

“…We performed the sensitization experiments on BALB/c mice using a method which required no use of adjuvants 14,16) . The administration sites were the dorsal skin, bilateral buccal mucosa and esophageal/lower digestive tract mucosa.…”

“…Therefore, we established a mouse sensitization model using BALB/cA Jcl mice (BALB/c mice hereafter) using the mouse ear swelling test without the use of adjuvants, based on the method of Natsuaki et al and Okamura et al 14,16) . HgCl 2 applied to the oral mucosa may flow into the esophageal and lower digestive tract mucosa.…”