“…Language socialization is currently understood as a non-linear, dynamic, complex, and multidirectional process (Duff, 2002(Duff, , 2003(Duff, , 2007Duff & Hornberger, 2008;Ochs & Schieffelin, 2008) in which individuals and groups (e.g., families) socialize others 'into new domains of knowledge and cultural practice' (Bayley & Schecter, 2003, p. 2) so that they can effectively and appropriately participate in the social life of their community (Garrett & Baquedano-Ló pez, 2002). Language and participation in cultural worlds are the primary means of attaining membership in these milieus.…”