Large-area single-crystal sheets of borophene on Cu(111) surfaces

Wu, Rongting; Drozdov, Ilya; Eltinge, Stephen; Zahl, Percy; Ismail‐Beigi, Sohrab; Božović, I.; Gozar, A.

doi:10.1038/s41565-018-0317-6

Cited by 337 publications

(309 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The growth predictions of borophene on Ag/Au/Cu substrate have been all realized by recent experiments . Gozar, a research scientist in Yale University, has recently grown large‐size borophene with 100 µm 2 in size on the Cu(111) surface.…”

Section: Growth Of Borophenementioning

confidence: 92%

“…On the other hand, electron doping can also enhance the stability of borophene stable, and it may be experimentally realized by placing borophene on metal surface. A typical example is that freestanding β 12 graphene possesses imaginary frequency, however, β 12 graphene was grown both on Ag (111) and Cu (111) surface due to the passivation of metal surfaces. There is another more remarkable sample.…”

Section: Thermal Transport Of Borophenementioning

confidence: 99%

“…By growing borophene on Cu(111) surface, large single‐crystal domains up to 100 µm 2 in size were obtained, comparing to the nanometer‐sized single‐crystal domains produced on Ag(111) substrates . Dark‐field low‐energy electron microscopy (LEEM) images were used to show the borophene domains.…”

Section: Growth Of Borophenementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This breakthrough indicates a new family member of 2D materials is born, and the nanodevices based on boron elements could be possible. Then, borophene sheets with different phases and borophene nanoribbons have been experimentally synthesized on the substrates of Ag(111), Cu(111), Al(111), and Au(111) . However, the experimental researches of borophene are still lack, and the investigations including growth, characterization and applications are still awaiting, which should be the prerequisite for the application of borophene in the next‐generation microelectronics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2D Boron Sheets: Structure, Growth, and Electronic and Thermal Transport Properties

Gao

Cheng

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

156

101

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The structures of boron clusters, such as flat clusters and fullerenes, resemble those of carbon. Various two‐dimensional (2D) borophenes have been proposed since the production of graphene. The recent successful fabrication of borophene sheets has prompted extensive researches, and some unique properties are revealed. In this review, the recent theoretical and experimental progress on the structure, growth, and electronic and thermal transport properties of borophene sheets is summarized. The history of prediction of boron sheet structures is introduced. Existing with a mixture of triangle lattice and hexagonal lattice, the structures of boron sheets have peculiar characteristics of polymorphism and show significant dependence on the substrate. Due to the unique structure and complex BB bonds, borophene sheets have many interesting electronic and thermal transport properties, such as strong nonlinear effect, strong thermal transport anisotropy, high thermal conductance in the ballistic transport and low thermal conductivity in the diffusive transport. The growth mechanism and synthesis of borophene sheets on different metal substrates are also presented. The successful prediction and synthesis will shed light on the exploration of new novel materials. Besides, the outstanding and peculiar properties of borophene make them tempting platform for exploring novel physical phenomena and extensive applications.

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Section: Growth Of Borophenementioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Thermal Transport Of Borophenementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Growth Of Borophenementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

2D Boron Sheets: Structure, Growth, and Electronic and Thermal Transport Properties

Gao

Cheng

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

156

101

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“…Finally, they achieved the ultrafast epitaxial growth of meter‐sized single‐crystal graphene. The single‐crystal substrate can also be used to produce other 2D materials . On the single‐crystal sapphire wafer, researchers realized the wafer‐scale preparation of hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) and TMD one after another.…”

Section: Vapor‐phase Growth Of High‐quality Wafer‐scale 2d Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vapor‐phase growth of high‐quality wafer‐scale two‐dimensional materials

Tong

Liu

Zeng

et al. 2019

InfoMat

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Emerging two‐dimensional (2D) materials have stimulated tremendous scientific and industrial interests due to their diverse and tunable physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. The scalable production of high‐quality wafer‐scale 2D materials has become significantly essential to bring us closer to practical industrial applications, particularly in electronic devices. Vapor‐phase growth provides attractive opportunities for the synthesis of large‐area and high‐quality 2D materials. In this review, we will emphasize vapor‐phase growth strategies from three aspects, including suppressing nucleation, seamless stitching, and evolutionary selection growth. We discuss the general understanding of the related fundamental mechanism and specific parameter optimization from precursors and substrate design to the adjusting of growth parameters (temperature and pressure). Meanwhile, we present other strategies to produce various kinds of wafer‐scale 2D materials. Finally, we conclude the current challenges and future directions in this developing field. This work may inspire researchers to better design routes in the synthesis of wafer‐scale 2D materials with high quality.

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Boron: Inorganic Chemistry

Schubert

2019

Encyclopedia of Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry

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Boron is unique among the elements and displays remarkable chemistry in all of its compounds. It is widely distributed at low concentrations in the environment and is nearly always found bound to oxygen in its natural forms. Boron is roughly the tenth most abundant element in seawater, where it exists primarily as boric acid. In addition to amorphous boron, several crystalline allotropes exist, with the β‐rhombohedral phase being the most stable form of the element under standard conditions. The borospherene B 40 cluster and 2D borophenes are more recently documented forms of boron. Metal borides are important to electronics, thermoelectrics, and superhard materials. Most have high melting points, high hardnesses, and good resistance to chemical attack. Refractory boron materials, including boron carbides, nitrides, and phosphides are discussed, as well as molecular boron–nitrogen, boron–phosphorus, boron–sulfur, and boron halide compounds. Boron‐containing amorphous metals are used as master alloys in electrical devices and in strong magnets. The vast majority of industrial use of boron on a tonnage basis involves boron–oxygen compounds. Condensation of boric acid, B(OH) 3 , and its conjugate base, B(OH) 4 − , in aqueous solution results in polyborate anions which provide the basis for many industrial products. Boric acid reacts with alcohols to form esters having industrial uses. Reversible borate ester formation with 1,2‐ and 1,3‐diols provides the basis for adhesives and oilfield applications and is central to the bioinorganic chemistry of boron. Boron enters the life cycle of plants and animals, primarily as naturally occurring boric acid found at low concentrations in natural waters and soils. Boron is essential to plants, including important food crops, resulting in extensive use of borates as agricultural micronutrients to correct suboptimal soil boron levels. Borax pentahydrate (disodium tetraborate pentahydrate) is the world's largest volume boron chemical product, followed by boric acid. Major industrial applications of borates include the manufacture of glasses, ceramics, electronic displays, consumer products, construction materials, industrial fluids, fire retardants and in metallurgy, optoelectronics, and agriculture. Other commercially important compounds, such as zinc borates, are discussed.

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Large-area single-crystal sheets of borophene on Cu(111) surfaces

Cited by 337 publications

References 30 publications

2D Boron Sheets: Structure, Growth, and Electronic and Thermal Transport Properties

2D Boron Sheets: Structure, Growth, and Electronic and Thermal Transport Properties

Vapor‐phase growth of high‐quality wafer‐scale two‐dimensional materials

Boron: Inorganic Chemistry

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