Large differences in peak oxygen uptake do not independently alter changes in core temperature and sweating during exercise

Jay, Ollie; Bain, Anthony R.; Deren, Tomasz M.; Sacheli, Matthew; Cramer, Matthew N.

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00257.2011

Cited by 128 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…It R627 WHOLE BODY HEAT LOSS AND AGING is well established, however, that whole body sweating is defined by the evaporative heat loss required to achieve heat balance (E req ) during exercise, irrespective of the %V O 2 max incurred (6,8,10,16,27,28). In the present study, we employed a fixed rate of metabolic heat production under fixed environmental conditions to elicit the same E req in our age groups.…”

Section: Considerationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Whole body heat loss is reduced in older males during short bouts of intermittent exercise

Larose

Wright

Stapleton

et al. 2013

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Hardcastle S, Kenny GP. Whole body heat loss is reduced in older males during short bouts of intermittent exercise. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 305: R619 -R629, 2013. First published July 24, 2013 doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00157.2013.-Studies in young adults show that a greater proportion of heat is gained shortly following the start of exercise and that temporal changes in whole body heat loss during intermittent exercise have a pronounced effect on body heat storage. The consequences of short-duration intermittent exercise on heat storage with aging are unclear. We compared evaporative heat loss (HE) and changes in body heat content (⌬Hb) between young (20 -30 yr), middle-aged (40 -45 yr), and older males (60 -70 yr) of similar body mass and surface area, during successive exercise (4 ϫ 15 min) and recovery periods (4 ϫ 15 min) at a fixed rate of heat production (400 W) and under fixed environmental conditions (35°C/20% relative humidity). HE was lower in older males vs. young males during each exercise (Ex1: 283 Ϯ 10 vs. 332 Ϯ 11 kJ, Ex2: 334 Ϯ 10 vs. 379 Ϯ 5 kJ, Ex3: 347 Ϯ 11 vs. 392 Ϯ 5 kJ, and Ex4: 347 Ϯ 10 vs. 387 Ϯ 5 kJ, all P Ͻ 0.02), whereas HE in middle-aged males was intermediate to that measured in young and older adults (Ex1: 314 Ϯ 13, Ex2: 355 Ϯ 13, Ex3: 371 Ϯ 13, and Ex4: 365 Ϯ 8 kJ). HE was not significantly different between groups during the recovery periods. The net effect over 2 h was a greater ⌬Hb in older (267 Ϯ 33 kJ; P ϭ 0.016) and middle-aged adults (245 Ϯ 16 kJ; P ϭ 0.073) relative to younger counterparts (164 Ϯ 20 kJ). As a result of a reduced capacity to dissipate heat during exercise, which was not compensated by a sufficiently greater rate of heat loss during recovery, both older and middle-aged males had a progressively greater rate of heat storage compared with young males over 2 h of intermittent exercise. evaporative heat loss; aging; calorimetry; thermal transients A NUMBER OF STUDIES HAVE EXAMINED age-related differences in thermoregulatory control during prolonged exercise (range 30 -90 min) in the heat [range: 30 -49°C/20 -60% relative humidity (RH)] (4, 11-13, 20, 23, 26, 29, 33, 34). Some studies reported no differences in thermoregulatory function (4,20,23,29,33), whereas others found significant age-related impairments in heat loss capacity (e.g., reduced local sweating rate/onset/sensitivity and/or greater increments in core and skin temperatures) (11-13, 26, 34). It is possible that these discrepancies reflect that in some studies, older adults were able to achieve heat balance, while in other studies, heat load exceeded their physiological maximal sweating capacity; hence, differences in local sweat rate and/or core temperature were evident. What these studies did not examine, however, is whether age-related impairments in heat loss capacity occur during exercise of short duration (i.e., 15 min) when the rate of heat storage has been shown to be the greatest (21).At the onset of exercise, the rate of metabolic heat production increases immediately and is not i...

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Section: Considerationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Whole body heat loss is reduced in older males during short bouts of intermittent exercise

Larose

Wright

Stapleton

et al. 2013

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…Fixed work rates relative to 2peak may evoke large inter-individual physiological strains, as higher aerobically trained individuals will exercise at greater absolute intensities compared to untrained, thus, generating greater metabolic heat due to superior absolute O 2 uptake (Jay et al, 2011). Moreover, although the study aimed at an prompt STHA protocol, the choice of shortening the HA sessions to just 45 min over two to four days, did not allow T re to reach the desired 38.5ºC and enough time needed for optimal adaptations.…”

Section: Study Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of single versus twice daily short term heat acclimation on heat strain and 3000m running performance in hot, humid conditions

Willmott

Gibson

Hayes

et al. 2016

Journal of Thermal Biology

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The effects of single versus twice daily short term heat acclimation on heat strain and 3000m running performance in hot, humid conditions, Journal of Thermal Biology, http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.jtherbio.2016.01.001 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. .min -1 2peak , once daily for 4d (SDHA) and twice daily for 2d (TDHA), in 35°C, 60% relative humidity (RH), and once daily for 4d (CON) in 21°C, 40% RH. Participants completed a pre-and post-intervention 5 km treadmill run trial in 30°C, 60% RH, where the first 2 2peak and the final 3 km was selfpaced.No statistically significant interaction effects occurred within-or between-groups over the 2-4d intervention. While within-group differences were found in physiological and perceptual measures during the fixed intensity trial post-intervention, they did not statistically differ between-groups. Similarly, TDHA (-36±34s [+3.5%]) and SDHA (-26±28s [+2.8%]) groups improved 3 km performances (p=0.35), but did not differ from CON (-6±44s [+0.6%]). This is the first study to investigate the effects of HA twice daily and compare it with traditional single session per day STHA. These STHA protocols may have the ability to induce partial adaptive responses to heat stress and possibly enhance performance in environmentally challenging conditions, however, future development is warranted to optimise the administration to provide a potent stimuli for heat adaptation in athletic and military personnel within a rapid regime.

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“…Jay et al emphasized that T core and sweating rate is not affected by fitness level while the same workload is used with participants having similar body surface area (BSA) [18]. If so, the total amount of heat exchange would be similar with the participants who have the same BSA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysing visual pattern of skin temperature during submaximal and maximal exercises

Balci

Başaran

Çolakoğlu

2016

Infrared Physics & Technology

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h i g h l i g h t sWe examined skin temperature changes in similar body surface area cohort. A structural relation was observed in skin temperature variations among participants. Temperature pattern of skin was different between maximal and submaximal exercise. Thermal kinetic analysing may be useful tool for monitoring thermoregulations. New method was examined for determining skin temperature by infrared thermography. Aims of this study were to examine our hypotheses assuming that (a) skin temperature patterns would differ between submaximal exercise (SE) and graded maximal exercise test (GXT) and (b) thermal kinetics of T skin occurring in SE and GXT might be similar in a homogenous cohort. Core temperature (T core ) also observed in order to evaluate thermoregulatory responses to SE and GXT. Eleven moderately to well-trained male athletes were volunteered for the study (age: 22.2 ± 3.7 years; body mass: 73.8 ± 6.9 kg; height: 181 ± 6.3 cm; body surface area 1.93 ± 0.1 m 2 ; body fat: 12.6% ± 4.2%; _ VO 2max : 54 ± 9.9 mL min À1 kg a r t i c l e i n f o À1). Under stabilized environmental conditions in climatic chamber, GXT to volitional exhaustion and 20-min SE at 60% of VO 2max were performed on cycle ergometer. Thermal analyses were conducted in 2-min intervals throughout exercise tests. T skin was monitored by a thermal camera, while T core was recorded via an ingestible telemetric temperature sensor. Thermal kinetic analyses showed that T skin gradually decreased till the 7.58 ± 1.03th minutes, and then initiated to increase till the end of SE (Rsqr = 0.97), while T skin gradually decreased throughout the GXT (Rsqr = 0.89). Decrease in the level of T skin during the GXT was significantly below from the SE [F (4, 40) = 2.67, p = 0.07, g p 2 = 0.211]. In the meantime, T core continuously increased throughout the SE and GXT (p < 0.05). Both GXT and SE were terminated at very close final T core values (37.8 ± 0.3°C and 38.0 ± 0.3°C, respectively; p > 0.05). However, total heat energies were calculated as 261.5 kJ/m 2 and 416 kJ/m 2 for GXT and SE, respectively (p < 0.05). Thus, it seems that SE may be more advantageous than GXT in thermoregulation.In conclusion, T core gradually increased throughout maximal and submaximal exercises as expected. T skin curves patterns found to be associated amongst participants at both GXT and SE. Therefore, T skin kinetics may ensure an important data for monitoring thermoregulation in exercise.

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Large differences in peak oxygen uptake do not independently alter changes in core temperature and sweating during exercise

Cited by 128 publications

References 44 publications

Whole body heat loss is reduced in older males during short bouts of intermittent exercise

Whole body heat loss is reduced in older males during short bouts of intermittent exercise

The effects of single versus twice daily short term heat acclimation on heat strain and 3000m running performance in hot, humid conditions

Analysing visual pattern of skin temperature during submaximal and maximal exercises

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