Large diversity of linezolid-resistant isolates discovered in food-producing animals through linezolid selective monitoring in Belgium in 2019

Michaël, Timmermans; Bogaerts, Bert; Vanneste, Kevin; Keersmaecker, Sigrid C. J. De; Roosens, Nancy; Kowalewicz, Carole; Simon, Guillaume; Argudín, Maria Ángeles; Deplano, Ariane; Hallin, Marie; Wattiau, Pierre; Frétin, David; Denis, Olivier; Boland, Cécile

doi:10.1093/jac/dkab376

Cited by 34 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In contrast, other authors obtained non-resistant isolates of this ST from environmental samples [ 53 ]. Conversely, other works have reported ST22 isolates obtained from human and animal sources as optrA carriers [ 54 ], while our ST22 isolates were not phenotypically resistant nor did they carry any ARG. Regarding the only VG found in E. faecium , the acm gene, this has recently been described in clinical strains of patients with endocarditis, indicating pathogenic potential.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 96%

Characterizing Antimicrobial Resistance in Clinically Relevant Bacteria Isolated at the Human/Animal/Environment Interface Using Whole-Genome Sequencing in Austria

Rosel

Rab

Daza-Prieto

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a public health issue attributed to the misuse of antibiotics in human and veterinary medicine. Since AMR surveillance requires a One Health approach, we sampled nine interconnected compartments at a hydrological open-air lab (HOAL) in Austria to obtain six bacterial species included in the WHO priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB). Whole genome sequencing-based typing included core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST). Genetic and phenotypic characterization of AMR was performed for all isolates. Eighty-nine clinically-relevant bacteria were obtained from eight compartments including 49 E. coli, 27 E. faecalis, 7 K. pneumoniae and 6 E. faecium. Clusters of isolates from the same species obtained in different sample collection dates were detected. Of the isolates, 29.2% were resistant to at least one antimicrobial. E. coli and E. faecalis isolates from different compartments had acquired antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) associated with veterinary drugs such as aminoglycosides and tetracyclines, some of which were carried in conjugative and mobilizable plasmids. Three multidrug resistant (MDR) E. coli isolates were found in samples from field drainage and wastewater. Early detection of ARGs and ARB in natural and farm-related environments can identify hotspots of AMR and help prevent its emergence and dissemination along the food/feed chain.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 96%

Characterizing Antimicrobial Resistance in Clinically Relevant Bacteria Isolated at the Human/Animal/Environment Interface Using Whole-Genome Sequencing in Austria

Rosel

Rab

Daza-Prieto

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…Two earlier reports on cfr in CC398 from Spain and Belgium also were from a pig farmer and from a person with professional contact with pigs and cows 39 , 40 . A recent study on linezolid-resistant isolates from food-producing animals in Belgium included the analysis of six ST398 S. aureus isolates that all carried the cfr gene 42 . These studies support the hypothesis that the cfr gene likely originates from animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

cfr and fexA genes in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from humans and livestock in the Netherlands

et al. 2022

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Background Although the Netherlands is a country with a low endemic level of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a national MRSA surveillance has been in place since 1989. In 2003 livestock emerged as a major reservoir of MRSA and currently livestock-associated MRSA (clonal complex CC398) make up 25% of all surveillance isolates. To assess possible transfer of resistant strains or resistance genes, MRSA obtained from humans and animals were characterized in detail. Methods The sequenced genomes of 6327 MRSA surveillance isolates from humans and from 332 CC398 isolates from livestock-related samples were analyzed and resistance genes were identified. Several isolates were subjected to long-read sequencing to reconstruct chromosomes and plasmids. Results Here we show the presence of the multi-resistance gene cfr in seven CC398 isolates obtained from humans and in one CC398 isolate from a pig-farm dust sample. Cfr induces resistance against five antibiotic classes, which is true for all but two isolates. The isolates are genetically unrelated, and in seven of the isolates cfr are located on distinct plasmids. The fexA gene is found in 3.9% surveillance isolates and in 7.5% of the samples from livestock. There is considerable sequence variation of fexA and geographic origin of the fexA alleles. Conclusions The rare cfr and fexA resistance genes are found in MRSA from humans and animals in the Netherlands, but there is no evidence for spread of resistant strains or resistance plasmids. The proportion of cfr-positive MRSA is low, but its presence is worrying and should be closely monitored.

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“…The prevalence of NWT isolates for erythromycin, a 14-membered macrolide, was quite high (15,23). However, recent studies on animal samples inoculated onto linezolid-supplemented media revealed that linezolid-resistant enterococci (or staphylococci) may be frequently present although not detected when analysing only strains from the dominant enterococci population isolated on non-supplemented media (28). Linezolid has never been used in animal production, but antimicrobial resistance mechanisms evidenced in animal isolates (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance ofEnterococcus cecorum: ECOFF determination

Laurentie

Mourand²,

Grippon³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Enterococcus cecorum, a commensal Gram-positive bacterium of the chicken gut, has emerged as a worldwide cause of lameness in poultry, particularly in fast-growing broilers. It is responsible for osteomyelitis, spondylitis and femoral head necrosis, causing animal suffering, mortality and antimicrobial use. Research on the antimicrobial resistance ofE. cecorumclinical isolates in France is scarce, and epidemiological cut-off (ECOFF) values unknown. To determine tentative ECOFF (COWT) values forE. cecorumand to investigate the antimicrobial resistance patterns of isolates from mainly French broilers, we tested the susceptibility of a collection of commensal and clinical isolates (n=208) to 29 antimicrobials by the disc diffusion (DD) method. We also determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 23 antimicrobials by the broth micro-dilution method. To detect chromosomal mutations conferring antimicrobial resistance, we investigated the genomes of 118E. cecorumisolates mainly obtained from infectious sites and previously described in the literature. We determined the COWTvalues for more than 20 antimicrobials and identified two chromosomal mutations explaining fluoroquinolone resistance. The DD method appears better suited for detectingE. cecorumantimicrobial resistance. Although tetracycline and erythromycin resistances were persistent in clinical and non-clinical isolates, we found little or no resistance to medically important antimicrobials.

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Large diversity of linezolid-resistant isolates discovered in food-producing animals through linezolid selective monitoring in Belgium in 2019

Cited by 34 publications

References 41 publications

Characterizing Antimicrobial Resistance in Clinically Relevant Bacteria Isolated at the Human/Animal/Environment Interface Using Whole-Genome Sequencing in Austria

Characterizing Antimicrobial Resistance in Clinically Relevant Bacteria Isolated at the Human/Animal/Environment Interface Using Whole-Genome Sequencing in Austria

cfr and fexA genes in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from humans and livestock in the Netherlands

Antimicrobial resistance ofEnterococcus cecorum: ECOFF determination

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