Large Optical Nonlinearity of Dielectric Nanocavity-Assisted Mie Resonances Strongly Coupled to an Epsilon-near-Zero Mode

Wang, Kuidong; Liu, Ai‐Yin; Hsiao, Hui Hsin; Genet, Cyriaque; Ebbesen, Thomas W.

doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03876

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…However, we observed anticrossing with TE-polarized light, and ENZ materials usually only interact with TM-polarized light. In most studies of strong coupling with ENZ materials, ENZ modes are involved. ,, ENZ modes are surface modes that occur in deep-subwavelength films; such surface modes can only couple to p -polarized light with momentum greater than that of free-space light. , Within the radiative region, thin ENZ films can also support Berreman modes. − Berreman modes provide strong out-of-plane electric-field enhancement due to the continuity of the normal component of D⃗ = ε E⃗ ; therefore, the excitation of Berreman modes also requires TM-polarized light. Longitudinal resonances can exist around the ENZ point of a material with low loss .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most studies of strong coupling with ENZ materials, ENZ modes are involved. 15 , 27 , 28 ENZ modes are surface modes that occur in deep-subwavelength films; such surface modes can only couple to p -polarized light with momentum greater than that of free-space light. 26 , 29 Within the radiative region, thin ENZ films can also support Berreman modes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Origin of an Anticrossing between a Leaky Photonic Mode and an Epsilon-Near-Zero Point of Silver

2022

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Strong light−matter coupling hybridizes light and matter to form states known as polaritons, which give rise to a characteristic anticrossing signature in dispersion plots. Here, we identify conditions under which an anticrossing can occur in the absence of strong coupling. We study planar silver/dielectric structures and find that, around the epsilon-near-zero point in silver, the impedance matching between the silver and dielectric layers gives rise to an anticrossing. Our work shows that care must be taken to ensure that anticrossing arising from impedance matching is not misattributed to strong coupling.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of an Anticrossing between a Leaky Photonic Mode and an Epsilon-Near-Zero Point of Silver

2022

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“…[208] Strong coupling can significantly enhance many nonlinear optical properties such as second-harmonic generation, third-harmonic generation, and ultrafast nonlinearities. [209][210][211][212][213][214] Third-order nonlinearity including nonlinear absorption coefficient and nonlinear refractive index can be increased by two orders of magnitude under the electronic strong coupling conditions, which is desired in ultrafast applications. [215] Strong coupling can be achieved by J-aggregated molecules and localized SPR of metal nanomaterials.…”

Section: Challenges and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances and Challenges in Ultrafast Photonics Enabled by Metal Nanomaterials

Wang

Liu

Chao

et al. 2022

Advanced Optical Materials

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absorbers (SAs) are widely used to obtain ultrafast lasers. Mode-locking indicates a fixed phase between longitudinal modes in spectral domain, while Q-switching refers to the giant pulse formation due to the tunable Q factor of the laser cavity. Saturable absorption represents the optical modulation that absorption coefficient of SAs decreases with the increase of incident optical intensity, where SAs are often categorized into artificial and real SAs. [7][8][9] Artificial SAs mainly consist of nonlinear polarization evolution, [10,11] nonlinear optical loop mirrors, [12][13][14] and nonlinear amplification loop mirrors, [15,16] which fulfill the function of saturable absorption by means of nonlinear effects. By contrast, real SAs are characterized by the inherent nonlinear absorption property of the materials. Semiconductor saturable absorber mirror is a typical real SA and widely used in diverse lasers. However, several drawbacks such as complex fabrication and narrow operating bandwidth restrict its applications. [17][18][19][20][21] Under such circumstances, nanomaterials emerge as SAs of distinction where 2D nanomaterials have been widely investigated because of the unique optical properties induced by the energy band structures. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Graphene possesses zero bandgap and ultrafast carrier dynamics properties, contributing to a broad operating bandwidth and fast response time. [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] Nevertheless, the modulation depth of ≈2.3% per layer limits Nanomaterials with outstanding optical properties are widely used in ultrafast photonics. Especially, metal nanomaterials have attracted increasing attention in recent years owing to the surface plasmon resonance that further enhances their nonlinear optical response, making them suitable for generating ultrafast pulses in a wide range of wavebands. Herein, the fabrication and integration processes of typical metal nanomaterials such as gold, silver, and copper, as well as their applications in ultrafast lasers are reviewed. The synthesis methods of metal nanomaterials, which can be divided into dry and wet methods, are first introduced with their characteristics and advantages summarized. Moreover, the integration approaches that are used to incorporate metal nanomaterials into laser cavities are discussed, where sandwich structure based on polymer film and deposition method, as well as evanescent-wave structure based on D-shaped and tapered fiber are demonstrated. Besides, the state of the art of typical ultrafast lasers enabled by metal nanoparticles is systematically reviewed. Finally, current challenges and perspectives on the development of ultrafast photonics enabled by metal nanomaterials are proposed.

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“…For example, ENZ materials show adiabatic frequency shifting (∆f ∼ THz) [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], large amplitude modulation (∆T > 50%) [30][31][32], and extreme changes in refractive index (∆n ∼ 1) [33][34][35]. In addition, when coupled with metastructures, these ENZ films can further enhance the nonlinear properties achieved [26,[35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. Gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO) is proposed to show similar nonlinear optical performance to AZO films but has not been thoroughly studied experimentally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gallium-doped zinc oxide: nonlinear reflection and transmission measurements and modeling in the ENZ region

et al. 2023

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Strong nonlinear materials have been sought after for decades for applications in telecommunications, sensing, and quantum optics. Gallium-doped zinc oxide is a II-VI transparent conducting oxide that shows promising nonlinearities similar to indium tin oxide and aluminum-doped zinc oxide for the telecommunications band. Here we explore its nonlinearities in the epsilon near zero (ENZ) region and show n2,eff values on the order of 4.5×10-3 cm2GW-1 for IR pumping on 200-300 nm thin films. Measuring nonlinear changes in transmission and reflection with a white light source probe in the near-IR while exciting in the near-IR provides data in both time and wavelength. Three films varying in thickness, optical loss, and ENZ crossover wavelength are numerically modeled and compared to experimental data showing agreement for both dispersion and temporal relaxation. In addition, we discuss optimal excitation and probing wavelengths occur around ENZ for thick films but are red-shifted for thin films where our model provides an additional degree of freedom to explore. Obtaining accurate nonlinear measurements is a difficult and time-consuming task where our method in this paper provides experimental and modeled data to the community for an ENZ material of interest.

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Large Optical Nonlinearity of Dielectric Nanocavity-Assisted Mie Resonances Strongly Coupled to an Epsilon-near-Zero Mode

Cited by 23 publications

References 56 publications

Origin of an Anticrossing between a Leaky Photonic Mode and an Epsilon-Near-Zero Point of Silver

Origin of an Anticrossing between a Leaky Photonic Mode and an Epsilon-Near-Zero Point of Silver

Recent Advances and Challenges in Ultrafast Photonics Enabled by Metal Nanomaterials

Gallium-doped zinc oxide: nonlinear reflection and transmission measurements and modeling in the ENZ region

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