Large‐Scale Screening of Intact Castor Seeds by Viscosity Using Time‐Domain NMR and Chemometrics

Berman, Paula; Nizri, Shahar; Parmet, Yisrael; Wiesman, Zeev

doi:10.1007/s11746-010-1612-z

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Since all the samples per type of oil were very closely clustered, the name of only one of the oil samples for each of the oils is shown on the plot, to facilitate its interpretation. Still, PC 2 revealed qualitative information, meaning high or low values of PC 2 correlated to high or low viscosities, as shown in a previous study [59]. In that study, a PCA model was suggested for rapid large-scale screening of castor seeds according to viscosity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The PC 2 scale of the plot was enlarged, in order to focus on the area of interest, therefore the castor biodiesel sample is not shown. Following the established correlation of PC 2 and viscosity [59], it is clearly demonstrated, that residues of water and/or methanol lead to lower than expected biodiesel viscosities, whereas high acylglycerol content lead to the opposite effect.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Novel 1H low field nuclear magnetic resonance applications for the field of biodiesel

Berman

Leshem

Etziony

et al. 2013

Biotechnol Biofuels

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BackgroundBiodiesel production has increased dramatically over the last decade, raising the need for new rapid and non-destructive analytical tools and technologies. 1H Low Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (LF-NMR) applications, which offer great potential to the field of biodiesel, have been developed by the Phyto Lipid Biotechnology Lab research team in the last few years.ResultsSupervised and un-supervised chemometric tools are suggested for screening new alternative biodiesel feedstocks according to oil content and viscosity. The tools allowed assignment into viscosity groups of biodiesel-petrodiesel samples whose viscosity is unknown, and uncovered biodiesel samples that have residues of unreacted acylglycerol and/or methanol, and poorly separated and cleaned glycerol and water. In the case of composite materials, relaxation time distribution, and cross-correlation methods were successfully applied to differentiate components. Continuous distributed methods were also applied to calculate the yield of the transesterification reaction, and thus monitor the progress of the common and in-situ transesterification reactions, offering a tool for optimization of reaction parameters.ConclusionsComprehensive applied tools are detailed for the characterization of new alternative biodiesel resources in their whole conformation, monitoring of the biodiesel transesterification reaction, and quality evaluation of the final product, using a non-invasive and non-destructive technology that is new to the biodiesel research area. A new integrated computational-experimental approach for analysis of 1H LF-NMR relaxometry data is also presented, suggesting improved solution stability and peak resolution.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Novel 1H low field nuclear magnetic resonance applications for the field of biodiesel

Berman

Leshem

Etziony

et al. 2013

Biotechnol Biofuels

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“…It was established in the past that mono-exponential T 2 values of FAMEs correlate with their viscosity for the same temperature [ 30 , 31 ]. Table 4 presents the mono-exponential T 2 s for the saturated FAMEs and dynamic viscosities, η , according to [ 20 ], at T m + 5 K and at 313 K for reference.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid-phase characterization of molecular interactions in polyunsaturated and n-fatty acid methyl esters by 1H low-field nuclear magnetic resonance

Meiri

Berman

Colnago

et al. 2015

Biotechnol Biofuels

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BackgroundTo identify and develop the best renewable and low carbon footprint biodiesel substitutes for petroleum diesel, the properties of different biodiesel candidates should be studied and characterized with respect to molecular structures versus biodiesel liquid property relationships. In our previous paper, 1H low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) relaxometry was investigated as a tool for studying the liquid-phase molecular packing interactions and morphology of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). The technological potential was demonstrated with oleic acid and methyl oleate standards having similar alkyl chains but different head groups. In the present work, molecular organization versus segmental and translational movements of FAMEs in their pure liquid phase, with different alkyl chain lengths (10–20 carbons) and degrees of unsaturation (0–3 double bonds), were studied with 1H LF-NMR relaxometry and X-ray, 1H LF-NMR diffusiometry, and 13C high-field NMR.ResultsBased on density values and X-ray measurements, it was proposed that FAMEs possess a liquid crystal-like order above their melting point, consisting of random liquid crystal aggregates with void spaces between them, whose morphological properties depend on chain length and degree of unsaturation. FAMEs were also found to exhibit different degrees of rotational and translational motions, which were rationalized by chain organization within the clusters, and the degree and type of molecular interactions and temperature effects. At equivalent fixed temperature differences from melting point, saturated FAME molecules were found to have similar translational motion regardless of chain length, expressed by viscosity, self-diffusion coefficients, and spin-spin (T2) 1H LF-NMR. T2 distributions suggest increased alkyl chain rigidity, and reduced temperature response of the peaks’ relative contribution with increasing unsaturation is a direct result of the alkyl chain’s morphological packing and molecular interactions.ConclusionsBoth the peaks’ assignments for T2 distributions of FAMEs and the model for their liquid crystal-like morphology in the liquid phase were confirmed. The study of morphological structures within liquids and their response to temperature changes by 1H LF-NMR has a high value in the field of biodiesel and other research and applied disciplines in numerous physicochemical- and organizational-based properties, processes, and mechanisms of alkyl chains, molecular interactions, and morphologies.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13068-015-0280-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Germplasm characterization would also be easier if fast, nondestructible, and reliable screening methods were developed. An example is the quick and nondestructive method for estimating ricinoleic fatty acid content by nuclear magnetic resonance in seeds (Berman et al, 2010).…”

Section: Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Challenges for Increased Production of Castor

et al. 2012

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Castor (Ricinus communis L.) is one of the oldest cultivated crops, but currently it represents only 0.15% of the vegetable oil produced in the world. Castor oil is of continuing importance to the global specialty chemical industry because it is the only commercial source of a hydroxylated fatty acid. Castor also has tremendous future potential as an industrial oilseed crop because of its high seed oil content (more than 480 g kg−1), unique fatty acid composition (900 g kg−1 of ricinoleic acid), potentially high oil yields (1250–2500 L ha−1), and ability to be grown under drought and saline conditions. The scientific literature on castor has been generated by a relatively small global community of researchers over the past century. Much of this work was published in dozens of languages in journals that are not easily accessible to the scientific community. This review was conducted to provide a compilation of the most relevant historic research information and define the tremendous future potential of castor. The article was prepared by a group of 22 scientists from 16 institutions and eight countries. Topics discussed in this review include: (i) germplasm, genetics, breeding, biotic stresses, genome sequencing, and biotechnology; (ii) agronomic production practices, diseases, and abiotic stresses; (iii) management and reduction of toxins for the use of castor meal as both an animal feed and an organic fertilizer; (iv) future industrial uses of castor including renewable fuels; (v) world production, consumption, and prices; and (vi) potential and challenges for increased castor production.

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Large‐Scale Screening of Intact Castor Seeds by Viscosity Using Time‐Domain NMR and Chemometrics

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Novel 1H low field nuclear magnetic resonance applications for the field of biodiesel

Novel 1H low field nuclear magnetic resonance applications for the field of biodiesel

Liquid-phase characterization of molecular interactions in polyunsaturated and n-fatty acid methyl esters by 1H low-field nuclear magnetic resonance

A Review on the Challenges for Increased Production of Castor

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