Largely enhanced energy storage capability of a polymer nanocomposite utilizing a core-satellite strategy

Abstract

The development of new generation dielectric materials toward capacitive energy storage has been driven by the rise of high-power applications such as electric vehicles, aircraft, and pulsed power systems. Here we demonstrate remarkable improvements in the energy density and charge-discharge efficiency of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) upon the incorporation of core-satellite structures, namely NaNbO3(NN)@polydopamine (PDA)@Ag nanowires. As compared to the NN NWs/PVDF and NN@PDA NWs/PVDF nanocomposites, the NN@PDA@Ag NWs/PVDF nanocomposites exhibit greatly enhanced energy density and significantly suppressed energy loss. As a result, the NN@PDA@Ag NWs/PVDF nanocomposite films with optimized filler content exhibit an excellent discharge energy density of 16.04 J cm-3 at 485 MV m-1, and maintain a high discharge efficiency of 62.8%. Moreover, the corresponding nanocomposite films exhibit a superior power density of 2.1 MW cm-3 and ultra-fast discharge speed of 153 ns. Ultimately, the excellent dielectric and capacitive properties of the polymer nanocomposites could pave the way for widespread applications in modern electronics and power modules.

Enhanced energy density of PVDF-based nanocomposites via a core–shell strategy

“…And oxidative self-polymerization of dopamine resulted in the formation of dense and robust layers on the TiO 2 @SrTiO 3 NW surface ( Fig. S3) 15,21,27,35 . The FT-IR and TGA analysis confirmed the successful coating of polydopamine on the surface of TiO 2 @SrTiO 3 NWs.…”

“…3 c, the FT-IR spectrum of TiO 2 @SrTiO 3 @PDA NWs shows a band that is absent in the FT-IR spectrum of TiO 2 @SrTiO 3 NWs. The infrared absorption peak at 1268 cm −1 is attributed to the –C–N stretching vibration 27 , 36 . The signal belongs to dopamine and is not observed in the TiO 2 @SrTiO 3 NWs.…”

“…In this work, PVDF is chosen as the polymer matrix because its permittivity is higher compared with that of other polymers 13 – 15 , 27 . We prepared novel core–shell TiO 2 @SrTiO 3 NWs with the aim to combine the electrical properties of TiO 2 and SrTiO 3 and to obtain the NCs with high discharge energy density.…”

Structure design boosts concomitant enhancement of permittivity, breakdown strength, discharged energy density and efficiency in all‐organic dielectrics

“…One straightforward and effective tactic is to design nanocomposites constituted by polymer matrix with high E b and ceramics fillers with high ɛ r [11]. Along this line, tremendous efforts have been made by introducing conductive particles [12–16] or high permittivity ceramics [17–25] into the polymer matrix to improve permittivity thus discharged energy density of nanocomposites, and the effects of the shape and concentration of fillers have been thoroughly investigated. Zhang et al .…”

Enhanced discharged energy density in poly(vinylidene fluoride) composites with a small loading of ( K 0 . 5 Na 0 .5 ) NbO 3 particles

“…It has been proved that the composites fabricated with ceramic fillers with high ε r have a great enhancement of the dielectric constant. Among ceramic fillers, BaTiO 3 (BT), [6][7][8][9] Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (PZT), [10][11][12] BaxSr1-xTiO 3 (BST), [13][14][15] CaCu 3 Ti 4 O 12 (CCTO), 16,17 and other ferroelectric ceramics [18][19][20] with dielectric constant of hundreds or more are favorable candidates. However, PVDF, as a ferroelectric polymer, exhibits low energy efficiency.…”