Larvicidal activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized using Pergularia daemia plant latex against Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi and nontarget fish Poecillia reticulata

Abstract

In present study, the bioactivity of latex-producing plant Pergularia daemia as well as synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against the larval instars of Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi mosquito larvae was determined. The range of concentrations of plant latex (1,000, 500, 250, 125, 62.25, and 31.25 ppm) and AgNPs (10, 5, 2.5, 1.25, 0.625, and 0.3125 ppm) were prepared. The LC(50) and LC(90) values for first, second, third, and fourth instars of synthesized AgNPs-treated first, second, third, and fourth instars of A. aegypti (LC(50) = 4.39, 5.12, 5.66, 6.18; LC(90) = 9.90, 11.13, 12.40, 12.95 ppm) and A. stephensi (LC(50) = 4.41, 5.35, 5.91, 6.47; LC(90) = 10.10, 12.04, 13.05, 14.08 ppm) were found many fold lower than crude latex-treated A. aegypti (LC(50) = 55.13, 58.81, 75.66, 94.31; LC(90) = 113.00, 118.25, 156.95, 175.71 ppm) and A. stephensi (LC(50) = 81.47, 92.09, 96.07, 101.31; LC(90) = 159.51, 175.97, 180.67, 190.42 ppm). The AgNPs did not exhibit any noticeable effects on Poecillia reticulata after either 24 or 48 h of exposure at their LC(50) and LC(90) values against fourth-instar larvae of A. aegypti and A. stephensi. The UV-visible analysis shows absorbance for AgNPs at 520 nm. TEM reveals spherical shape of synthesized AgNPs. Particle size analysis revealed that the size of particles ranges from 44 to 255 nm with average size of 123.50 nm. AgNPs were clearly negatively charged (zeta potential -27.4 mV). This is the first report on mosquito larvicidal activity P. daemia-synthesized AgNPs.

Datura metel-synthesized silver nanoparticles magnify predation of dragonfly nymphs against the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi

“…In agreement with our results, Pergularia daemia-synthesized AgNPs have been reported as non-toxic against the non-target fish Poecilia reticulata, while they are able to evoke good mortality rates against mosquito vectors Anopheles stephensi and Ae. aegypti (Patil et al 2012; see also Haldar et al 2013;Rawani et al 2013). More recently, Murugan et al (2015a) showed that seaweed-synthesized AgNPs did not negatively impact the predation rates of copepod Mesocyclops longisetus against Cu.…”

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Adulticidal properties of synthesized silver nanoparticles using leaf extracts of Feronia elephantum (Rutaceae) against filariasis, malaria, and dengue vector mosquitoes

“…The larvicidal activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized plant latex has been screened against the nontarget fish Poecilia reticulata (Patil et al 2012). The larvicidal activities of mycosynthesized AgNPs against vectors and responsible for diseases of public health importance have been evaluated (Salunkhe et al 2011).…”

Fabrication of silver nanoparticles from leaf extract of Butea monosperma (Flame of Forest) and their inhibitory effect on bloom-forming cyanobacteria

“…By employing this method, the size distribution of SNPs obtained was smaller when compared to previous reports, viz. 44 to 225 nm using Pergularia daemia plant latex [31] and 71 to 110 nm using mangrove plant Avicennia marina [32].…”