Las dos caras de la integración: Percepciones de colombianos y venezolanos sobre el fenómeno migratorio en Bogotá, Colombia

Namen, Olga; Chatruc, Marisol Rodríguez; Bejarano, Nicolás Romero

doi:10.18235/0003129

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Migrants in border areas are more vulnerable to armed gang and paramilitary recruitment and involvement in violence (IRC 2020). While most Venezuelan migrant parents in Colombia wish to enroll their children in school, they face difficulties in the enrollment process (Namen, Chatruc and Bejarano 2021). Often fueled by xenophobia, school officials require documentation that is not available, limit available seats, and dispute legal papers (ibid.).…”

Section: Findings and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Education as an Opportunity for Integration: Assessing Colombia, Peru, and Chile's Educational Responses to the Venezuelan Migration Crisis

Summers

Crist

Streitwieser

2022

Journal on Migration and Human Security

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With over 5 million Venezuelans fleeing their home country, Latin America is facing the largest migration crisis in its history. Colombia, Peru, and Chile host the largest numbers of Venezuelan migrants in the region. Each country has responded differently to the crisis in terms of the provision of education. Venezuelan migrants attempting to enter the primary, secondary, and higher education systems encounter a variety of barriers, from struggles with documentation, to limited availability of spaces in schools, to cultural barriers and xenophobia. This paper examines the distinct educational policy responses to Venezuelan migrants in Colombia, Peru, and Chile. It begins by contextualizing the current crisis through a sociopolitical and economic analysis of the origins of the Venezuelan migration phenomenon. Venezuelans are not officially and legally recognized as refugees by the UNHCR. Refugee status is considered on a case-by-case basis at the country level. The regional coordinating bodies tasked with promoting safe, orderly, and legal migration of Venezuelans to host countries have given uneven attention to education. The paper examines each country's response to Venezuelan migrants from a human rights perspective. It provides sociopolitical context and discusses the specific educational offerings from the primary to tertiary levels in Colombia, Peru, and Chile. It considers alternative or flexible education models, second shift schools, access to school transportation and feeding programs, and teacher training opportunities that cater to the growing migrant population. It explores barriers to entry into the educational system, including documentation challenges due to legal and enrollment requirements, constraints on the host countries’ education systems, and discrimination due to lack of intercultural training and xenophobia. It also discusses challenges related to the quality of the educational opportunities for Venezuelan migrant children, and the specific needs of these children. The paper considers several ideas to protect Venezuelan migrants’ rights to an education and to strengthen their integration. Finally, it offers recommendations on sustainable education solutions for Venezuelan migrants at all levels in the three countries. These recommendations include improving information sharing, addressing structural bottlenecks to school enrollment, and expanding pathways (existing and complementary) to higher education.

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Section: Findings and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Education as an Opportunity for Integration: Assessing Colombia, Peru, and Chile's Educational Responses to the Venezuelan Migration Crisis

Summers

Crist

Streitwieser

2022

Journal on Migration and Human Security

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“…Consequently, there is a need to raise public awareness regarding whether this type of discrimination exists, its magnitude, and what predicts it to inform policy discourse and practice with empirical evidence. Research suggests that discrimination affects migrants in this market Namen, Rodríguez and Romero (2021), but the extent of evidence is limited. Determining the prevalence of discriminatory practices against migrants in the housing market in Colombia is important in the identification and elimination of housing barriers, a problem that affects not only migrants but natives as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrimination Against Migrants and its Determinants: Evidence from a Multi-Purpose Field Experiment in the Housing Rental Market

Zanoni¹,

Díaz²

2023

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The increasing number of Venezuelan migrants in Colombia, which now exceeds 2.9 million, has raised concerns about their potential discrimination and socioeconomic integration. We propose a novel approach to studying discrimination in the housing rental market by conducting a multi-purpose field experiment with 574 real estate agents to, not only measure the extent of discrimination but also to explore its determinants. After gathering comprehensive data about the REAs, they evaluated rental applications from Colombian, Venezuelan, and OECD families. Our findings suggest the presence of discrimination in the housing rental market, as REAs were less likely to choose a Venezuelan family over a Colombian or OECD family. We identified that this discrimination was a combination of taste and statistical discrimination, influenced by factors such as age, gender, cognitive skills, and local market knowledge. We found that the discriminatory social norm is well recognized among REAs. This study has significant implications for policymakers, advocates, and practitioners, not only in Colombia but globally, as it sheds light on the mechanisms of discrimination against migrant populations and emphasizes the need to promote their integration and well-being.

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“…Según Namen et al (2021), desde el 2014 Colombia ha recibido a más de 1,8 millones de migrantes venezolanos, destacándose por ser en la región el mayor receptor de esta población; por su parte, cifras de la Plataforma de Coordinación Interagencial para refugiados y migrantes de Venezuela, actualizadas a 2021, indican que en el Departamento de Antioquia se concentran 157.949 venezolanos, de los cuales 90 mil se ubican en su capital, Medellín. De esta ciudad, fue elegido el barrio La Iguaná, porque allí se lleva a cabo, desde 2016, un proceso de acompañamiento psicosocial del que se derivan los resultados descritos en este artículo.…”

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Relaciones sociales y salud mental de madres, hijos e hijas migrantes en Medellín, Colombia

González-Mora

Gómez-Vargas

2023

Rev. virtual univ. catol. norte

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En Medellín ha aumentado la migración de familias venezolanas, cuya salud mental se ha estudiado en cuanto a sus problemas y patologías, pero la salud mental aborda más que su sentido negativo. El objetivo de este artículo es identificar las prácticas discursivas sobre salud mental, según la perspectiva de madres migrantes residentes en el barrio La Iguaná. Se hizo un estudio construccionista, soportando la salud mental como dimensión de las relaciones sociales, en el enfoque de género y en la perspectiva de las prácticas discursivas y producción de sentidos. Mediante la técnica de la bola de nieve fueron reunidas 20 mujeres en dos grupos de discusión. Se usó el análisis categorial temático para la interpretación de las informaciones, sobresaliendo tres categorías: salud mental asociada a capacidades cognitivas, psicológicas y relacionales de las madres; relaciones y territorio; y relaciones filiales. Se concluye que las relaciones sociales y filiales en las participantes sostienen una salud mental que amplía la visión psicopatológica a la que tienden los estudios, que reducen la condición de migrante a un diagnóstico; permitiendo ver a las personas en sus vínculos y concebir la atención en salud desde otros puntos de vista, distintos al de la enfermedad.

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Las dos caras de la integración: Percepciones de colombianos y venezolanos sobre el fenómeno migratorio en Bogotá, Colombia

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Education as an Opportunity for Integration: Assessing Colombia, Peru, and Chile's Educational Responses to the Venezuelan Migration Crisis

Education as an Opportunity for Integration: Assessing Colombia, Peru, and Chile's Educational Responses to the Venezuelan Migration Crisis

Discrimination Against Migrants and its Determinants: Evidence from a Multi-Purpose Field Experiment in the Housing Rental Market

Relaciones sociales y salud mental de madres, hijos e hijas migrantes en Medellín, Colombia

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