Laser Ablation and Laser-Hybrid Ablation Processes: A Review

Ahmed, Naveed; Darwish, S.M.; Alahmari, Abdulrehman M.

doi:10.1080/10426914.2015.1048359

Cited by 101 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 151 publications

(184 reference statements)

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“…When a focused beam of laser radiation strikes a surface, the electrons present in the substrate are excited by laser photons . This excitation results in the generation of heat by absorption of photon energy, which is consistent with the Beer–Lambert law . The Beer–Lambert law states that the amount of light absorbed is dependent on the thickness of the materials and the intensity of the light source.…”

Section: Laser Ablationsupporting

confidence: 69%

Laser ablation of polymers: a review

Ravi‐Kumar

Lies

Zhang

et al. 2019

Polymer International

163

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Laser ablation (LA), which employs a pulsed laser to remove materials from a substrate for generating micro-/nanostructures, has tremendous applications in the fabrication of metals, ceramics, glasses and polymers. It has become a noteworthy approach for achieving various functional structures in engineering, chemistry, biology, medicine and other fields. Polymers are one such class of materials; they can be melted and vaporized at high temperature during the ablation process. A number of polymers have been researched as candidate substrates in LA, and many different structures and patterns have been realized by this method. The current states of research and progress are reviewed from basic concepts to optimal parameters, polymer types and applications. The significance of this paper is to provide a basis for follow-up research that leads to the development of superior materials and high-quality production through LA. In this review, we first introduce the basic concept of LA, including mechanism, laser types (millisecond, microsecond, nanosecond, picosecond and femtosecond) and influential parameters (wavelength, repetition rate, fluence and pulse duration). Then, we focus on several commonly used polymer materials and compare them in detail, including the effects of polymer properties, laser parameters and feature designs. Finally, we summarize the applications of various structures fabricated by LA in a variety of areas along with a perspective of the challenges in this research area. Overall, a thorough review of LA of several polymers is presented, which could pave the way for characterization of future novel materials.

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Section: Laser Ablationsupporting

confidence: 69%

Laser ablation of polymers: a review

Ravi‐Kumar

Lies

Zhang

et al. 2019

Polymer International

163

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The ablation of material starts when a certain value of laser fluence, the so-called ablation threshold is reached or exceeded. Therefore, the laser surface modification of materials is classified as below or above the ablation threshold [ 212 , 213 , 214 , 215 , 216 ].…”

Section: Laser-assisted Metallization For Polymer Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D-MID Technology for Surface Modification of Polymer-Based Composites: A Comprehensive Review

et al. 2020

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The three-dimensional molded interconnected device (3D-MID) has received considerable attention because of the growing demand for greater functionality and miniaturization of electronic parts. Polymer based composite are the primary choice to be used as substrate. These materials enable flexibility in production from macro to micro-MID products, high fracture toughness when subjected to mechanical loading, and they are lightweight. This survey proposes a detailed review of different types of 3D-MID modules, also presents the requirement criteria for manufacture a polymer substrate and the main surface modification techniques used to enhance the polymer substrate. The findings presented here allow to fundamentally understand the concept of 3D-MID, which can be used to manufacture a novel polymer composite substrate.

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“…Laser cutting is also independent of material hardness. It offers more material utilization, no tool wear, and high cut quality [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Caiazzo et al [ 8 ] presented an experimental study of process variables in carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) laser cutting of polymeric materials such as polycarbonate (PC), polypropylene (PP), and polyethylene (PE).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

State-Of-The-Art and Trends in CO2 Laser Cutting of Polymeric Materials—A Review

et al. 2020

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Carbon dioxide (CO2) laser cutting finds one of its most relevant applications in the processing of a wide variety of polymeric materials like thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics. Different types of polymeric materials like polypropylene (PP), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), low- and high-density polyethylene (LDPE, HDPE), are processed by laser for different household as well as commercial products in the industry. The reason is their easy availability and economical aspect in the market. The problems associated with laser cutting include heat-affected zone (HAZ) generated on the cut surface, kerf width (KW), surface roughness (SR), dross formation, and striations formation. Furthermore, other related problems include taper cutting for deep parts and high-power consumption. The primary purpose of this work is a comprehensive literature review in CO2 laser cutting of polymeric materials. The influence of parametric variation on the cut quality is also explained. Cut quality in terms of KW, SR, HAZ, dross formation, and striations formation is analyzed by optimizing cutting variables like laser power (PL), cutting speed (CS), assist gas pressure (Pg), pulse frequency, nozzle type and its diameter, and stand-off distance (SOD). The effects of the laser cutting on the properties of different thermoplastics/thermosetting materials are also reported. However, this topic requires further studies on exploring the range of polymeric materials, and their optimal parameters selection to improve the cut quality. Therefore, the research gaps and future research directions are also highlighted in the context of CO2 laser cutting for polymeric materials.

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Laser Ablation and Laser-Hybrid Ablation Processes: A Review

Cited by 101 publications

References 151 publications

Laser ablation of polymers: a review

Laser ablation of polymers: a review

3D-MID Technology for Surface Modification of Polymer-Based Composites: A Comprehensive Review

State-Of-The-Art and Trends in CO2 Laser Cutting of Polymeric Materials—A Review

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