Laser ablation of organic polymers: Microscopic models for photochemical and thermal processes

Garrison, Barbara J.; Srinivasan, R.

doi:10.1063/1.335230

Cited by 225 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics computer simulations have held a central role in determining SIMS and laser desorption mechanisms. 9,62,78,79 Another feature of polyatomic projectile ions that may affect their secondary ion yields is their ability to deposit their kinetic energy closer to the surface. Simulations on the NH 3 -CO-Ni 111 system supported this argument, finding less damage to the underlying substrate by SF 5 C than by Xe C .…”

Section: Static Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (Sims)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface mass spectrometry of molecular species

et al. 1999

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Section: Static Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (Sims)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface mass spectrometry of molecular species

et al. 1999

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“…With carefully selected processing parameters (e.g., laser wavelength, average power delivered by the laser beam, pulse duration and frequency, laser scanning speed), laser irradiation is able to remove material through photochemical (photolytic) or photothermal (pyrolytic) processes or a combination of both [7]. In photochemical ablation, the bond excitation above a certain limit induce material dissociation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-based surface preparation of composite laminates leads to improved electrodes for electrical measurements

Almuhammadi

Selvakumaran

Alfano

et al. 2015

Applied Surface Science

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Laserbased surface preparation of composite laminates leads to improved electrodes for electrical measurements, Applied Surface Science (2015), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc. 2015.10.086 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.Page 1 of 32 A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t AbstractElectrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a low-cost, fast and effective structural health monitoring technique that can be used on carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP). Electrodes are a key component of any EIT system and as such they should feature low resistivity as well as high robustness and reproducibility. Surface preparation is required prior to bonding of electrodes. Currently this task is mostly carried out by traditional sanding. However this is a time consuming procedure which can also induce damage to surface fibers and lead to spurious electrode properties. Here we propose an alternative processing technique based on the use of pulsed laser irradiation. The processing parameters that result in selective removal of the electrically insulating resin with minimum surface fiber damage are identified.A quantitative analysis of the electrical contact resistance is presented and the results are compared with those obtained using sanding.

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“…The material removal is very precise in nature and thermal damages in the surrounding region are minimal. This phenomenon was first discovered in case of polymers and the theory of material removal is applicable in case of tissues as well [13,53]. As soon as the laser hits polymeric material, each monomer unit (building blocks of polymer) undergo excitation.…”

Section: Photoablationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Non-conventional and Hybrid Methods of Bone Machining

Dahotre

Joshi

2016

Machining of Bone and Hard Tissues

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Having explored the basics of important fundamental contact (mechanical) and noncontact (thermal) operations involved in machining of the bones, the discussion will proceed towards some of the non-conventional techniques. These techniques have evolved as a result of research works on interaction of bones with various energy sources such as photon/electron beam and mechanical vibrations. Hybrids of fundamentals operations of machining have also been taken into account. Laser, microwave, and ion-beam based methods have been discussed under beam based techniques. Ultrasonic machining which has been extensively explored for bone application has been dealt in a separate section. Pneumatic and hydraulic machining have been taken into account under the section on hybrid machining. These nonconventional/hybrid techniques are not as popular as conventional ones but hold a huge potential for the future. High Energy Beam Based TechniquesThe high energy beam based methods employ some sort of radiation as the means of energy source for removal of the bone material. These techniques have mostly been employed previously in case of the structural materials. Unlike conventional mechanical contact methods employing physical tools which result in generation of heat as the secondary effect, beam based techniques employ heat as the primary means of tooling. The heat is generated by means of various electromagnetic waves within the electromagnetic spectrum such as ultraviolet, microwave, and infrared with various combinations for ranges of energy and wavelength ( Fig. 3.1). As the combinations dictate the extent and mode of interaction of the energy source with the workpiece, any machining operation can be carried out with careful process control. Most common methods explored in this category include laser, ion-beam, and microwave machining which are discussed in detail in the following subsections. Laser MachiningLasers (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) have been used as a means of machining for quite some time now. Theoretically any wavelength within the electromagnetic spectrum can be made into a laser source. Principally, a lasing medium is excited using a energy source such as inert gas flash lamp. The input of energy (Fig. 3.2a) transfers the electrons within the atoms of the medium to higher energy state, technically termed as population inversion. On the other hand, the random absorption of energy gives rise to spontaneous emission (Fig. 3.2b). In case of population inversion, these electrons jump to lower energy state at the same time emitting photons of the same energy corresponding to difference between ground and excited state (Fig. 3.2c). A set of two mirrors, some times called resonators, one totally and the other partially reflecting, generates the chain reaction giving rise to highly concentrated beam coming out of the partially reflecting mirror (Fig. 3.3). This beam is monochromatic, coherent, and highly collimated in nature and can be employed for various applications depending on the wavele...

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Laser ablation of organic polymers: Microscopic models for photochemical and thermal processes

Cited by 225 publications

References 16 publications

Surface mass spectrometry of molecular species

Surface mass spectrometry of molecular species

Laser-based surface preparation of composite laminates leads to improved electrodes for electrical measurements

Non-conventional and Hybrid Methods of Bone Machining

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