Laser-Induced Tar-Mediated Sintering of Metals and Refractory Carbides in Air

Zang, Xining; Tai, Kiera Y.; Jian, Cuiying; Shou, Wan; Matusik, Wojciech; Ferralis, Nicola; Grossman, Jeffrey C.

doi:10.1021/acsnano.0c04295

Cited by 10 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Compared with furnace annealing, laser ablation or laser annealing can reach much higher local temperatures (thousands of degrees Kelvin), 47 with faster temperature ramping 48 and also enhanced spatial control and resolution. 49,50 Laser annealing has been applied on polymeric substrates to produce carbon materials with controllable properties such as porosity, crystallinity, and conductivity (Figures 2C-2E). Lin et al demonstrated laser-induced graphene (LIG) on commercial polyimide in 2014 (Figure 2C); thereafter, many works have employed laser annealing as a simple and facile method to pattern graphene on polymeric materials including polymer films, cloth, wood, and even bread.…”

Section: Achieving Extreme Tunability In Hcmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upgrading carbonaceous materials: Coal, tar, pitch, and beyond

Zang

Dong

Jian

et al. 2022

Matter

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Heavy carbonaceous materials (HCMs) such as coal are mostly used for nonrenewable power generation, while derivatives such as tar and pitch are often discarded by-products. Upgrading HCMs for a broad array of potential applications including their use in batteries, membranes, and catalysts could play an important role in the global demand for carbon neutralization. The diversity of HCMs is a technological asset that allows for the direct synthesis of highly customizable materials suited for specific applications. Herein, we will discuss state-of-the-art engineering techniques that can be employed to upscale HCMs and how the nature of the carbon source affects the final product. Further, we illustrate how machine learning (ML) methods can empower the screening of carbonaceous sources from this large family of materials with extremely diverse chemistry. We will also discuss data-driven methods to identify and prioritize the effects of individual processing parameters that could lead to a consistent as well as flexible manufacturing process.

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Section: Achieving Extreme Tunability In Hcmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upgrading carbonaceous materials: Coal, tar, pitch, and beyond

Zang

Dong

Jian

et al. 2022

Matter

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“…Reproduced with permission from Ref. [34], © American Chemical Society 2020. (e) Schematic illustration of the fabrication and formation process of LIG on Kevlar textiles.…”

Section: Lig Fabrications With Various Conditions and Its Electrical Propertymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Very recently, tar was employed as both IR absorber and antioxidant binder for laser-assisted fabrication of thin metal films and metal carbides as shown in Fig. 1(d) [34]. Here, the carbon solid solubilities and formation energies of metal carbides are two critical factors that determine the formation of carbides.…”

Section: Lig Fabrications With Various Conditions and Its Electrical Propertymentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-induced graphene for bioelectronics and soft actuators

Fei

Page

et al. 2021

Nano Res.

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Laser-assisted process can enable facile, mask-free, large-area, inexpensive, customizable, and miniaturized patterning of laser-induced porous graphene (LIG) on versatile carbonaceous substrates (e.g., polymers, wood, food, textiles) in a programmed manner at ambient conditions. Together with high tailorability of its porosity, morphology, composition, and electrical conductivity, LIG can find wide applications in emerging bioelectronics (e.g., biophysical and biochemical sensing) and soft robots (e.g., soft actuators). In this review paper, we first introduce the methods to make LIG on various carbonaceous substrates and then discuss its electrical, mechanical, and antibacterial properties and biocompatibility that are critical for applications in bioelectronics and soft robots. Next, we overview the recent studies of LIG-based biophysical (e.g., strain, pressure, temperature, hydration, humidity, electrophysiological) sensors and biochemical (e.g., gases, electrolytes, metabolites, pathogens, nucleic acids, immunology) sensors. The applications of LIG in flexible energy generators and photodetectors are also introduced. In addition, LIG-enabled soft actuators that can respond to chemicals, electricity, and light stimulus are overviewed. Finally, we briefly discuss the future challenges and opportunities of LIG fabrications and applications.

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“…As-deposited films are carbonized and graphitized at high temperature in air via laser ablation. 16,26,27 The results show that DECS 19 with intermediate VR o (1.71%) and aromatic content shows the highest amount of graphitic structure after laser annealing, while the most mature DECS 21 (VR o 5.19%) and least mature lignite coal DECS 25 (VR o 0.23%) show rare graphitization reflected by the absence of a 2D Raman peak. 28 Sheet resistances of the laser-annealed coals increase following the descending order of coal graphitization, and the lowest sheet resistance of lased bituminous (DECS 19) is ∼30 ohm sq −1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9,10 Through advanced chemistry and materials processing, coal-derived functional materials have been developed including graphene oxide, 11 carbon quantum dots, 12 and carbon nanotubes, 13 which have been applied in photovoltaics, 14 energy storage devices, 15 and sensors (Table S1). 16,17 Beyond coal-derived materials, the thin film electronics that can be manufactured in a continuous (i.e., roll-to-roll) method are desired for scalable applications of coal feedstocks. 18 Therefore, a deeper understanding and nanoscale control of coal graphitization, including manipulation of electronic, magnetic, and structural properties, will amplify the potential of these nontraditional routes of coal commercialization by enabling the design and ordering of functional units at the molecular level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic, Structural, and Magnetic Upgrading of Coal-Based Products through Laser Annealing

2022

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Most coal-to-product routes require complex thermal treatment to carbonize the raw materials. However, the lack of unified comparison of products made from different kinds of coals downplays the role of initial coal chemistry in high-temperature reactions. Here, we used a CO 2 laser to investigate the roles that aromatic content and maturity play in the structural evolution and doping of coals during annealing. Results show that a bituminous coal (DECS 19) with aromatic content and maturity in between higher rank, more mature anthracite (DECS 21) and lower rank, lower maturity lignite (DECS 25) leads to more graphite-like structure observed from the highest 2D peak on the Raman spectrum and conductivity (sheet resistance ∼30 ohm sq −1 ) after lasing. When nitrogen dopants are incorporated with saturated urea dopants into coals through laser ablation, nitrogen preferentially incorporates at the edge sites of graphitic grains. Furthermore, oxide nanoparticles can be incorporated into the graphitic backbone of coal to modify their electronic and magnetic properties through laser annealing. Leveraging tunable magnetic behavior, we demonstrate a soft actuator using both conductive and magnetic coal-Fe/Co oxide. Through laser annealing, we propose a paradigm to understand and control coal chemistry toward flexible and tunable doping and magnetism.

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Laser-Induced Tar-Mediated Sintering of Metals and Refractory Carbides in Air

Cited by 10 publications

References 37 publications

Upgrading carbonaceous materials: Coal, tar, pitch, and beyond

Upgrading carbonaceous materials: Coal, tar, pitch, and beyond

Laser-induced graphene for bioelectronics and soft actuators

Electronic, Structural, and Magnetic Upgrading of Coal-Based Products through Laser Annealing

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