Laser microprocessing of metallic stent for medical therapy

Kathuria, Y.P.

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.05.041

Cited by 76 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The CW laser kerf is characterized by a small taper angle (h ¼ 0. 21 ) and straight walls. The kerf width both at top and bottom appears to be larger than the calculated laser spot diameter (w top ¼ 50.1 lm and w bottom ¼ 26.8 lm).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative study of CW, nanosecond- and femtosecond-pulsed laser microcutting of AZ31 magnesium alloy stents

Demir

Previtali

2014

Biointerphases

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Magnesium alloys constitute an interesting solution for cardiovascular stents due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability in human body. Laser microcutting is the industrially accepted method for stent manufacturing. However, the laser-material interaction should be well investigated to control the quality characteristics of the microcutting process that concern the surface roughness, chemical composition, and microstructure of the final device. Despite the recent developments in industrial laser systems, a universal laser source that can be manipulated flexibly in terms of process parameters is far from reality. Therefore, comparative studies are required to demonstrate processing capabilities. In particular, the laser pulse duration is a key factor determining the processing regime. This work approaches the laser microcutting of AZ31 Mg alloy from the perspective of a comparative study to evaluate the machining capabilities in continuous wave (CW), ns- and fs-pulsed regimes. Three industrial grade machining systems were compared to reach a benchmark in machining quality, productivity, and ease of postprocessing. The results confirmed that moving toward the ultrashort pulse domain the machining quality increases, but the need for postprocessing remains. The real advantage of ultrashort pulsed machining was the ease in postprocessing and maintaining geometrical integrity of the stent mesh after chemical etching. Resultantly, the overall production cycle time was shortest for fs-pulsed laser system, despite the fact that CW laser system provided highest cutting speed

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In literature, limited amount of work regarding laser microcutting of stents is reported, where CW emission, 15 longpulsed, 14,16,17,21,22 short-pulsed, 23 and ultrashort pulsed 24,25 sources are used on different materials. A comparison regarding the different machining domains appears to be absent to authors' knowledge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of CW, nanosecond- and femtosecond-pulsed laser microcutting of AZ31 magnesium alloy stents

Demir

Previtali

2014

Biointerphases

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“…Kathuria described machining a 316 L stainless steel hollow tube using a short pulse Nd-YAG laser in order to obtain a cardiovascular stent; small-scale features, including slits with widths of 0.05-0.1 mm and pitch values better than 0.2 mm, were prepared using this approach. 76 This work suggests that a reduction in the heat affected zone, which is associated with embrittlement, may be obtained with higher pulse repetition rates and shorter pulses. Sudheer et al used a pulsed Nd:YAG laser to machine cobalt-chromium tubes for cardiovascular stents.…”

Section: 75mentioning

confidence: 86%

Laser micro- and nanofabrication of biomaterials

Narayan

Goering

2011

MRS Bull.

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Over the past half century, rapid progress has been made in laser-based medical diagnosis and treatment as well as in laser-based medical device fabrication. Lasers have unique capabilities for coating, machining, melting, polymerizing, sintering, and welding materials that are used in implantable and transdermal medical devices. In this review, academic and industrial developments involving laser processing of materials for dental, orthopedic, neural, ophthalmic, cardiovascular, and transdermal applications are described. In addition, laser processing of nanoscale materials for medical applications is discussed. Finally, challenges associated with commercialization of laser biomaterials are considered. Due to the unique capabilities provided by laser-based processes, it is anticipated that the use of laser biomaterials in implantable and transdermal medical devices will markedly increase over the coming years.Roger Narayan, UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering , Raleigh , NC , USA ; roger_narayan@msn.com Peter Goering, Center for Devices and Radiological Health , U.S. Food and Drug Administration , Silver Spring , MD , USA ; peter.goering@fda.hhs. Edwards et al. described medical applications of free-electron lasers, which use light emitted by accelerated electrons. Infrared light emission from these lasers may be used for human neurosurgery, including treatment of metastatic brain tumors and ophthalmic surgery. 15 -19 They noted that use of a free-electron laser with 6.45 μ m emission for tissue ablation was correlated with minimal or undetectable collateral tissue damage. This wavelength is associated with brittle fracture at the commencement of explosive vaporization, mitigating damage to collateral tissues. Femtosecond pulsed lasers are currently used for LASIK (cornea refractive surgery); in this procedure, the laser is used to ablate a portion of tissue known as a lenticule from the cornea. 20 In addition, it is being considered for treatment of presbyopia (age-related vision changes) and for use in keratoplasty (cornea plastic surgery). Femtosecond laser surgeries involve two different modes. 21 Processing at low irradiance involves direct multiphoton interactions and free electron-induced chemical processes; at high irradiance, thermoelastic stresses may play signifi cant roles. Bashford described another use of lasers in medical therapy. In this approach, which is known as laser therapy, low intensity laser energy can be used to alter cellular function. This type of laser-tissue interaction may be used to treat neurological tissue, musculoskeletal tissue, and other soft tissues. 22 Laser processing of biomaterialsEfforts to examine laser-material interaction for biomedical device applications have largely paralleled efforts to examine laser-tissue interaction for clinical medical applications. Some of the earliest applications of lasers for processing synthetic biomaterials involved assessment of laser welding as an alternative to conventional investment soldering. As noted by Eliades e...

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“…These parameters were studied in the preliminary experiments and decided to keep constant for all the experiments. In order to investigate the effects of the process parameters on the cutting quality factors, stent simple geometry [9], as is presented in Figure 2, was used as a cutting shape for the experiments. The samples have dimensions of 20x8.5mm with strut width of 0.1mm.…”

Section: Methodology or Experimental Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kathuria et al [9] described the precision fabrication of metallic stent from stainless steel (SS 316L) by using short pulse Nd:YAG laser. They conclude that the processing of stent with desired taper and quality shall still be preferred by the short pulse and higher pulse repetition rate of the laser, which is desired to reduce further the heat affected zone as well as the wave depth of the cut section.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dross formation and process parameters analysis of fibre laser cutting of stainless steel thin sheets

Teixidor

Ciurana

Rodríguez

2014

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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The coronary stent fabrication requires high precision profile cut. Fiber lasers present a solution to accomplish these requirements. This paper presents an experimental study of fiber laser cutting of 316L stainless steel thin sheets. The effect of peak pulse power, pulse frequency and cutting speed on the cutting quality for fixed gas type and gas pressure were investigated. A mathematical model for the dross dimensions was formulated. The dross height and the dross diameter were analyzed and compared with the experimental results. This allows selecting the process parameters to reduce the dimensions of the dross deposited at the bottom of the workpiece.

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Laser microprocessing of metallic stent for medical therapy

Cited by 76 publications

References 8 publications

Comparative study of CW, nanosecond- and femtosecond-pulsed laser microcutting of AZ31 magnesium alloy stents

Comparative study of CW, nanosecond- and femtosecond-pulsed laser microcutting of AZ31 magnesium alloy stents

Laser micro- and nanofabrication of biomaterials

Dross formation and process parameters analysis of fibre laser cutting of stainless steel thin sheets

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