Laser physical vapor deposition of boron carbide films to enhance cutting tool performance

Jagannadham, K.; Watkins, Thomas R.; Lance, Michael J.; Riester, L.; Lemaster, Richard L.

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2009.03.049

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…laser deposition (Kokai et al, 2001;Aoqui et al, 2002). The sputtered films of B 4 C exhibited compressive stresses and high hardnesses, which are desired properties for cutting tools (Jagannadham et al, 2009). Super-hard coatings with hardness values of about 70 GPa were achieved by ion-beam sputtering (Ulrich et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of B₄C coatings for advanced research light sources

Störmer

Siewert

Sinn

2016

J Synchrotron Radiat

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X-ray optical elements are required for beam transport at the current and upcoming free-electron lasers and synchrotron sources. An X-ray mirror is a combination of a substrate and a coating. The demand for large mirrors with single layers consisting of light or heavy elements has increased during the last few decades; surface finishing technology is currently able to process mirror lengths up to 1 m with microroughness at the sub-nanometre level. Additionally, thin-film fabrication is able to deposit a suitable single-layer material, such as boron carbide (B 4 C), some tens of nanometres thick. After deposition, the mirror should provide excellent X-ray optical properties with respect to coating thickness errors, microroughness values and slope errors; thereby enabling the mirror to transport the X-ray beam with high reflectivity, high beam flux and an undistorted wavefront to an experimental station. At the European XFEL, the technical specifications of the future mirrors are extraordinarily challenging. The acceptable shape error of the mirrors is below 2 nm along the whole length of 1 m. At the Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht (HZG), amorphous layers of boron carbide with thicknesses in the range 30-60 nm were fabricated using the HZG sputtering facility, which is able to cover areas up to 1500 mm long by 120 mm wide in one step using rectangular B 4 C sputtering targets. The available deposition area is suitable for the specified X-ray mirror dimensions of upcoming advanced research light sources such as the European XFEL. The coatings produced were investigated by means of X-ray reflectometry and interference microscopy. The experimental results for the B 4 C layers are discussed according to thickness uniformity, density, microroughness and thermal stability. The variation of layer thickness in the tangential and sagittal directions was investigated in order to estimate the achieved level of uniformity over the whole deposition area, which is considerably larger than the optical area of a mirror. A waisted mask was positioned during deposition between the sputtering source and substrate to improve the thickness uniformity; particularly to prevent the formation a convex film shape in the sagittal direction. Additionally the inclination of the substrate was varied to change the layer uniformity in order to optimize the position of the mirror quality deposited area during deposition. The level of mirror microroughness was investigated for different substrates before and after deposition of a single layer of B 4 C. The thermal stability of the B 4 C layers on the various substrate materials was investigated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of B₄C coatings for advanced research light sources

Störmer

Siewert

Sinn

2016

J Synchrotron Radiat

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“…The boron carbide is a low density material of 2.51 g/cm 3 with rhombohedral crystallographic structure including a high melting point of about 2400 °C, very high hardness of 38 GPa, a good elastic, excellent wear and mechanical properties, and high neutron absorption cross section [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Due to these properties, it is widely used as sand blasting nozzles, armor plates, sliding rings, neutron-shielding materials in nuclear industry, milling agents, grinding material, hard coatings, and also boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Thermal Properties Anisotropy on Subtractive Laser Processing of B4C/h-BN Composites

et al. 2020

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This work concerns boron carbide matrix composites with the addition of hexagonal boron nitride particles (h-BN) as a solid lubricate. The composite materials were hot-pressed and analysed in terms of phase, structure, and microstructure changes in relation to the h-BN content. The uniaxial pressure applied during the manufacturing process allowed the orientation of single h-BN particles and its agglomerates in perpendicular direction to the pressing axis. The anisotropy of heat transfer and thermal expansion coefficient (CTE) and density changes in relation to temperature are discussed. Thermal diffusivity and conductivity were measured in relation to the material direction by the laser flash analysis method (LFA). In this paper, understanding the heat flow and CTE changes allowed explaining the results of investigated subtractive laser processes of the manufactured composites. The laser ablation process was conducted on B4C/h-BN composites in parallel and perpendicular direction to each other. It was done in a continuous work (CW) mode at 50 W with a 40 µm spot and 3 mm/s beam travel speed. The influence of h-BN particles and their orientation on thermal properties is discussed. The effect of laser processing on B4C/h-BN composites was also discussed in relation to the material surface roughness measured with a confocal microscope, microstructure observations, density, and thermal properties changes in relation to the material direction.

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“…Moreover, the relevant chemical approaches are undesirable due to the use of un-ecofriendly chemicals and difficulties in the selective removal of material. Some research has been carried out into the use of robot-controlled finishing tools [1][2][3][5][6][7][8][9]. However, using a rotary wheel or ultrasonic chisel requires that the being micromachined surface be almost parallel to the wheel's axis or the chisel angle.…”

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“…Now, the laser is widely used as a machine tool to modify the surface of engineering materials, such as laser surface alloying, laser cladding, surface texturing, laser physical vapor deposition, etc. [1,[7][8][9][10][11][12]. In recent years, laser microprocessing is becoming an attractive new technique for machine lenses, diamonds, etc.…”

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Surface Microprocessing AISI-O1 by Pulsed Nd: YAG Laser

Guo

2022

J. Coat. Sci. Technol.

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Due to tedious and time-consuming work put into the conventional mold/die microprocessing (about 37% of the total time of the entire mold/die production). Therefore, to improve or enhance the quality of mold/dies at the final step with a less number of trained and skilled operators or decrease the processing time to cut the overall cost dramatically, AISI-O1 cold work steel was micro-processed by Pulsed Nd: YAG laser. The influence of laser processing parameters on the evolution of the correlated surface morphology was investigated by a 3D profilometer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and optical microscopy (OM). The results show that when AISI-O1 specimens were irradiated with various parameters, the morphology of AISI-O1 cold work steel was changed correspondingly. It also demonstrates that the different kinds of micro-processed surface morphology could be established successfully to satisfy the later practical requirements for a given laser. Meanwhile, the effect of laser processing parameters on the relevant temperature was described, and the laser microprocessing temperature field was also proposed. It reveals that the influence of laser pulse feed rate was more prominent than that of other parameters on the relevant micro-processed surface morphology.

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Laser physical vapor deposition of boron carbide films to enhance cutting tool performance

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Preparation and characterization of B₄C coatings for advanced research light sources

Preparation and characterization of B₄C coatings for advanced research light sources

The Influence of Thermal Properties Anisotropy on Subtractive Laser Processing of B4C/h-BN Composites

Surface Microprocessing AISI-O1 by Pulsed Nd: YAG Laser

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Laser physical vapor deposition of boron carbide films to enhance cutting tool performance

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Preparation and characterization of B4C coatings for advanced research light sources

Preparation and characterization of B4C coatings for advanced research light sources

The Influence of Thermal Properties Anisotropy on Subtractive Laser Processing of B4C/h-BN Composites

Surface Microprocessing AISI-O1 by Pulsed Nd: YAG Laser

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Product

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Preparation and characterization of B₄C coatings for advanced research light sources

Preparation and characterization of B₄C coatings for advanced research light sources