Carbon dots are carbon-based nanoparticles renowned for
their intense
light-emitting capabilities covering the whole visible light range.
Achieving carbon dots emitting in the red region with high efficiency
is extremely relevant due to their huge potential in biological applications
and in optoelectronics. Currently, photoluminescence in such an energy
interval is often associated with polyheterocyclic molecular domains
forming during the synthesis that, however, present low emission efficiency
and issues in controlling the optical features. Here, we overcome
these problems by solvothermally synthesizing carbon dots starting
from Neutral Red, a common red-emitting dye, as a molecular precursor.
As a result of the synthesis, such molecular fluorophore is incorporated
into a carbonaceous core while retaining its original optical properties.
The obtained nanoparticles are highly luminescent in the red region,
with a quantum yield comparable to that of the starting dye. Most
importantly, the nanoparticle carbogenic matrix protects the Neutral
Red molecules from photobleaching under ultraviolet excitation while
preventing aggregation-induced quenching, thus allowing solid-state
emission. These advantages have been exploited to develop a fluorescence-based
color conversion layer by fabricating polymer-based highly concentrated
solid-state carbon dot nanocomposites. Finally, the dye-based carbon
dots demonstrate both stable Fabry–Perot lasing and efficient
random lasing emission in the red region.