Late Glacial and Holocene Paleogeographical and Paleoecological Evolution of the Seno Skyring and Otway Fjord Systems in the Magellan Region

Kilian, Reinhold; Baeza, Óscar; Breuer, Sebastian; Rios, Ferdinando Sampaio; Arz, Helge Wolfgang; Lamy, François-Xavier; Wirtz, James J.; Baque, D; Korf, P; Kremer, K; Ríos, Carlos; Mutschke, Erika; Simon, M; Pol‐Holz, Ricardo De; Arévalo, Maria Victoria Martín; Wörner, Gerhard; Schneider, Carlos Ruiz; Casassa, Gino

doi:10.4067/s0718-686x2013000200001

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In the CHU record, the 4.15 kyr BP Mt. Burney tephra was identified at 368 cm sediment depth, by means of its chemical composition and SEM-based typical structure of the included pumices (Kilian et al, 2003(Kilian et al, , 2013b. The westernmost BT and BC sites seem to be outside of the Holocene tephra distribution areas of the volcanoes Hudson, Aguilera, Reclus and Mt.…”

Section: Age Determinations and Age-depth Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental and coastline changes controlling Holocene carbon accumulation rates in fjords of the western Strait of Magellan region

Ríos

Kilian

Lange

et al. 2020

Continental Shelf Research

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Organic-rich sediments of the southernmost Chilean Pacific coast and its fjord system constitute an important component of the global marine carbon budget. Sediment records from Trampa and Caribe bays and Churruca fjord in the western Magellan fjord system have been analyzed with the goal of understanding the factors controlling carbon accumulation and its regional fluctuation throughout the Holocene. The individual response in paleoproductivity at the different sites and related variations in accumulation rates document a very complex interplay among local and regional-scale environmental changes, and coastline elevation across the Holocene. Shallow sill basins close to the Pacific coast, as the ones studied here, are particularly sensitive to these processes, having responded with strong productivity changes throughout the Holocene.A Bayesian mixed model approach, using sediment archived provenance proxies, indicates that components of terrestrial plants and soils washed-out into these basins contribute with a variable proportion (20-80 wt%) of the total accumulated organic carbon. Accumulation rates of terrestrial carbon increase with the amount of precipitation in the hyper-humid mountain area, but also reflect distinct Holocene plant successions as well as longterm development of soil and vegetation cover that strongly overprint the direct precipitation impact. Over the Holocene accumulation rates of biogenic carbonate and aquatic-marine organic carbon range between 5 and 118 kg m À 2 kyr À 1 and 0.3-20 kg m À 2 kyr À 1 , respectively. This variability depends on water column structure and conditions, which are regulated by the degree of marine transgression as a function of post glacial sea level rise and isostatic uplift as well as precipitation-related surface water freshening. In the Bahia Trampa record, a significant change in accumulation rates indicates a marine transgression at ca. 12.2 kyr BP, when the global sea level was 60-70 m lower than today and eustatic rise overcame isostatic rebound rates. In Caribe and Trampa records, CaCO 3 accumulation rates were higher at ca. 7 kyr BP. The Churruca record shows organic carbon accumulation rates up to 36.2 kg m À 2 kyr À 1 during the early Holocene.

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Section: Age Determinations and Age-depth Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CHU core depth-age model was based on eleven 14 C AMS ages and the 4.15 kyr BP Mt. Burney tephra layer (Kilian et al, 2003(Kilian et al, , 2013bStern, 2008).…”

Section: Age Determinations and Age-depth Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and coastline changes controlling Holocene carbon accumulation rates in fjords of the western Strait of Magellan region

Ríos

Kilian

Lange

et al. 2020

Continental Shelf Research

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“…These appear to be contemporary with global glacier advances (Porter, 2000;Magny and Haas, 2004) in this epoch. Several paleoclimatic records from the western fjords (Kilian and Lamy, 2012;Kilian et al, 2013aKilian et al, , 2013bCaniupán et al, 2014) and a precipitation record from a stalagmite at 53°S (Schimpf et al, 2011) indicate that these glacier advances occurred during comparatively warm phases of relatively high precipitation and were also significantly controlled by SWW-related accumulation changes (Kilian et al, 2013a). At the eastern fjords there is no clear evidence of glacier advances during the Neoglacial.…”

Section: Holocene Glacier Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Holocene variations in productivity associated with changes in glacier activity and freshwater flux in the central basin of the Strait of Magellan

Aracena

Kilian

Lange

et al. 2015

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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One of the most important factors controlling fjord primary production in southernmost Patagonia is the variability in the thermohaline structure of the water column. In the present-day environment, thermal stratification is mostly related to freshwater input and in particular, the seasonal melting of glaciers. Here we assess whether this relation between fjord productivity and freshwater input holds true for the Holocene, using a sediment record from the central basin of the Strait of Magellan (core MD07-3132, 53°44.17′S; 70°19.03′W, 301 m). Our approach relies on a proxy-based reconstruction of fjord sea surface temperature (alkenone SST), paleosalinity, freshwater input, and paleoproductivity. The results indicate that, during the early Holocene, the accumulation rate (AR) of marine organic carbon was low (b 20 kg m −2 kyr −1), most likely due to high freshwater contribution resulting in low salinity and low SSTs. After 8.5 kyr BP and during the mid and late Holocene all the productivity proxies increase. The AR's of marine organic carbon (~30 kg m −2 kyr ) reached the highest values during the last millennium. This increase was probably driven by the marine transgression where marine macronutrient-rich waters entered into the central basin, while lowered precipitation and decreased meltwater input contributed to increase the basin's SSTs and salinity. The late Holocene rise in productivity was interrupted by a low salinity phase between 3.2 and 2.2 kyr BP, during which productivity returned to early Holocene conditions in response to increased input of glacial clays, as suggested by high values of K/Si ratio (~1.2). Our results indicate that meltwater contribution from glaciers plays a crucial role in controlling fjord productivity on seasonal to millennial timescales.

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“…A variety of environmental paleorecords offer the possibility to study climate changes and short term climate variability (e.g., storm events) in Southern Patagonia from the late Holocene to the Last Glacial Maximum and beyond (e.g., Villalba et al, 2003;Lamy et al, 2010;Kilian and Lamy, 2012). However, the network of long-term meteorological observations which is needed to calibrate paleoclimate proxies for example from dendro-climatology (Aravena et al, 2002), sediment (Kilian et al, 2007) or peat cores (Kilian et al, 2003(Kilian et al, , 2007 as well as recent (Schneider et al, 2007) and Holocene (Koch and Kilian, 2005;Kilian et al, 2013) glacier fluctuations in the Southern Andes is still sparse in Southernmost Patagonia. The mass balance modeling study of Möller and Schneider (2008) indicate a pronounced mass-balance sensitivity of the GCN Ice Cap to temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 17-year Record of Meteorological Observations Across the Gran Campo Nevado Ice Cap in Southern Patagonia, Chile, Related to Synoptic Weather Types and Climate Modes

et al. 2018

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Late Glacial and Holocene Paleogeographical and Paleoecological Evolution of the Seno Skyring and Otway Fjord Systems in the Magellan Region

Cited by 26 publications

References 35 publications

Environmental and coastline changes controlling Holocene carbon accumulation rates in fjords of the western Strait of Magellan region

Environmental and coastline changes controlling Holocene carbon accumulation rates in fjords of the western Strait of Magellan region

Holocene variations in productivity associated with changes in glacier activity and freshwater flux in the central basin of the Strait of Magellan

A 17-year Record of Meteorological Observations Across the Gran Campo Nevado Ice Cap in Southern Patagonia, Chile, Related to Synoptic Weather Types and Climate Modes

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