Late Pleistocene freshwater fish (Cottidae) trackways from New England (USA) glacial lakes and a reinterpretation of the ichnogenus Broomichnium Kuhn

Trace fossils from the Upper Pleistocene glaciolacustrine laminated sediments of Lithuania

“…However, scattered literature on trace fossils from Pleistocene varved clays is known since the end of the 19th century. They were found in Sweden (Högbom, 1893(Högbom, , 1915; Andersson, 1897), Finland (Andersson, 1897; Gibbard, 1977), USA (Emerson, 1898;Tarr, 1935;Ashley, 1975;Ridge, Larsen, 1990;Johnson et al, 1999;Benner, Ridge, 2006Benner et al, 2006Benner et al, , 2008, Poland (Schwarzbach, 1938(Schwarzbach, , 1940Ludwig, 1963;Merta, 1980;Skompski, 1991), Germany (Dahm, Otto, 1953;Murawski, 1964;Hannemann, 1965;Walter, 1985Walter, , 1986Fuchs, 1988;Walter, Suhr, 1998), Austria (Fliri et al, 1971), Canada (Banerjee, 1973;Gibbard, Dreimanis, 1978), England (Gibbard, Stuart, 1974), and Lithuania (Gaigalas, Uchman, 2004;Uchman et al, 2007). The literature review shows that most of the researches have been focussed on the occurrence of ichnotaxa and their interpretation (e. g., Gibbard, Dreimanis, 1978;Walter, 1985;Skompski, 1991) or rarely on their vertical distribution and relation to facies (Walter, Suhr, 1998;Gaigalas, Uchman, 2004;Uchman et al, 2007).…”

Trace fossils in Quaternary glacial varved clays near Uppsala, Sweden

“…The V-shaped pattern, a characteristic morphology of Broomichnium fliri (Benner et al, 2008) described from the Pleistocene varved clays of the Connecticut Valley in northeast USA, interpreted as imprints of ventral side of moving fish resembling the modern slimy sculpin Cottus cognatus, which feeds in the bottom sediments and anchors spiny fins to prevent getting swept away (see also , 2007Fig. 1.…”

Longest crab trackways from the Bay of Bengal Coast, India: their geological and geotechnical application

“…Of these, the records of vertebrate trackways certainly outnumber that of the invertebrates. The fossilized vertebrate (e.g., dinosaurs, birds, fishes, amphibians and mammals including elephant, ruminant goat and even human) trackways 2 are recorded from continental playa-lake (Scrivner and Bottjer, 1986), carbonate aeolianite (Fornós et al, 2002;Roberts et al, 2008), terrestrial (Sarjeant and Mossmann, 1978;Demathieu and Wycisk, 1990;Min Huh et al, 2006;Lockley et al, 2006a;Kim et al, 2008;Lee et al, 2008), glaciolacustrine (Benner et al, 2008), lacustrine (Pollard and Hardy, 1991;Genise et al, 2009), fluvio-lacustrine (Costa da Silva et al, 2008), interdune (Gradziński and Uchman, 1994;Jacobs and Roberts, 2009), marginal marine shoreline (Lockley et al, 2006b;Anfinson et al, 2009), tidal flat (Diedrich, 2008) and volcano-sedimentary (Ataabadi and Sarjeant, 2000) facies. Dinosaur tracks have been found in over 1000 locations throughout the world, on every continent except Antarctica (Kuban, 2009).…”

“…Study of fossil trackways, as a whole, has remained important as they reveal various ichnotaxonomic (Lockley et al, 2006a(Lockley et al, , 2006b, ethological (Braddy and Almond, 1999;Min Huh et al, 2006;Benner et al, 2008;Kim et al, 2008;Genise et al, 2009), anatomical (Clack, 1997), palaeoecological and palaeoenvironmental (Demathieu and Wycisk, 1990;Fornós et al, 2002;Lockley et al, 2006a), palaeogeographical (Diedrich, 2008), colonization (Gradziński and Uchman, 1994;Draganits et al, 1998) and evolutionary (Scrivner and Bottjer, 1986;Anfinson et al, 2009) aspects of the ancient trackway producers. On the other hand, neoichnological appraisal of modern trackways for palaeoichnological applications and other geological interpretations is extremely rare in published literature.…”