Late Quaternary Abrupt Climate Change in the Tropics and Sub‐Tropics: The Continental Signal of Tropical Hydroclimatic Events (THEs)

Bradley, Raymond S.; Díaz, Henry F.

doi:10.1029/2020rg000732

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 214 publications

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“…The absence of a discernible reduction in monsoon precipitation during the Mid-Holocene, which is a phenomenon frequently detected in other monsoon records from Africa and India, was noted. Bradley and Diaz [68] found that the high-frequency fluctuations in monsoon precipitation coincided with the global Holocene patterns.…”

Section: Drivers Of Paleoclimatic Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 91%

Echoes of the Past: Unveiling the Kharga Oasis’ Cultural Heritage and Climate Vulnerability through Millennia

Ismael,

Abbas,

Ghaly

et al. 2023

Heritage

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The civilization and tangible cultural heritage of the Kharga Oasis has a historical precedence over that of the old Nile Valley civilization. Approximately 12,000 years ago, a significant prehistoric migration occurred from the Kharga Oasis to the Nile Valley. This event was motivated by climate change and the southward shift of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), which caused a shift in Egypt’s savannah forests from abundant vegetation to an extremely dry desert. The present study investigates the progressive deterioration of the tangible cultural and civilized legacy of the Kharga Oasis over the course of several millennia, positing that this phenomenon can be attributed to the area’s vulnerability to paleoclimatic fluctuations. The evaluation of the Kharga Oasis’ susceptibility to climate change was predicated on the scrutiny of petroglyphs that were unearthed at different sites within the Oasis. This analysis was reinforced by paleoclimate information and radiocarbon dating (C14). The utilization of an interdisciplinary approach yielded significant insights into the dynamic climate patterns and their effects on the Kharga Oasis across temporal scales. The results illustrated a noteworthy alteration in climate, which caused the conversion of the Oasis terrain from being heavily wooded to becoming arid, mainly due to extended periods of drought. The present research postulates a novel and alternate hypothesis concerning the archaeological chronology of human habitation in the Kharga Oasis from ancient eras, predicated on the analysis of pictorial depictions on rock surfaces. The findings of this study made a noteworthy contribution to the current corpus of knowledge regarding the vulnerability of the ancient Egyptian society to the impacts of climate variability. Moreover, the petroglyphs’ depictions provided a distinctive viewpoint on the climatic fluctuations that occurred in the Sahara and North Africa throughout the Holocene epoch, as well as the fundamental causative factors.

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Section: Drivers Of Paleoclimatic Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 91%

Echoes of the Past: Unveiling the Kharga Oasis’ Cultural Heritage and Climate Vulnerability through Millennia

Ismael,

Abbas,

Ghaly

et al. 2023

Heritage

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“…The displacement of the ITCZ is associated with glaciations in the northern hemisphere (Heinrich, 1988), which would have changed the regime of hot and humid winds and, consequently, intensified the activity of rains in central Brazil (Wang et al, 2006;Cheng et al, 2013;Arruda and Schaefer, 2020). This increase in annual precipitation may explain the expansion of Araucaria, Podocarpus, Drimys, Hedyosmum, Ilex, Myrsine and Symplocos, as suggested in studies that integrate pollen with isotopic records of speleothems (Stríkis et al, 2011(Stríkis et al, , 2015(Stríkis et al, , 2018Pinaya et al, 2019;Bradley and Diaz, 2021).…”

Section: Late Pleistocenementioning

confidence: 92%

Paleoenvironmental dynamics in central‐eastern Brazil during the last 23 000 years: tropical peatland record in the Cerrado biome

Costa

Luz

Horák‐Terra

et al. 2022

J Quaternary Science

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The Cerrado biome is the second largest in Brazil, but the evolution of the Cerrado during the late Quaternary is not yet fully known. This study identifies paleoenvironmental changes during the last 23 000 years, based on a tropical mountain peatland record, in the Serra do Espinhaço Meridional in central-eastern Brazil. A multi-proxy approach was used that involved palynological analysis, stable isotopes (δ 13 C, δ 15 N), geochemistry, radiocarbon dating and multivariate statistics derived from a peatland core from Rio Preto (Minas Gerais state). The study reveals a very humid and cold climate during the late Pleistocene, with an increase in temperature and decrease in humidity at the Pleistocene-Holocene transition. During this period there was strong instability in the landscape (episodes of erosion). At the beginning of the Holocene there was a reduction in humidity with greater landscape stability. The current sub-humid climatic conditions seem to have been established in the mid-/late Holocene, with periods of landscape instability. Our findings agree with other Cerrado records that contradict previously established hypotheses, such as the Amazonian Refuge and the Pleistocene Arc.

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“…2 and it has been used previously to assess teleconnections between the North Atlantic basin and the Arabian Sea 64 . When the ITCZ migrates southward during stadials, northeasterly Trade winds lead to upwelling of cool, nutrient-rich waters in the Caribbean; as the ITCZ migrates northward during interstadials, heavy convective rainfall leads to increased runoff from South America's north coast, delivering detrital material to the Cariaco Basin 64,186 . As a result, the color reflectance in the core alternates between light-colored sediments, rich in foraminiferal carbonate and silica, and darker sediments abundant in detrital organic carbon.…”

Section: Examples Of Usagementioning

confidence: 99%

The PaleoJump database for abrupt transitions in past climates

Bagniewski

Rousseau

Ghil

2023

Sci Rep

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Tipping points (TPs) in Earth’s climate system have been the subject of increasing interest and concern in recent years, given the risk that anthropogenic forcing could cause abrupt, potentially irreversible, climate transitions. Paleoclimate records are essential for identifying past TPs and for gaining a thorough understanding of the underlying nonlinearities and bifurcation mechanisms. However, the quality, resolution, and reliability of these records can vary, making it important to carefully select the ones that provide the most accurate representation of past climates. Moreover, as paleoclimate time series vary in their origin, time spans, and periodicities, an objective, automated methodology is crucial for identifying and comparing TPs. To address these challenges, we introduce the open-source PaleoJump database, which contains a collection of carefully selected, high-resolution records originating in ice cores, marine sediments, speleothems, terrestrial records, and lake sediments. These records describe climate variability on centennial, millennial and longer time scales and cover all the continents and ocean basins. We provide an overview of their spatial distribution and discuss the gaps in coverage. Our statistical methodology includes an augmented Kolmogorov–Smirnov test and Recurrence Quantification Analysis; it is applied here, for illustration purposes, to selected records in which abrupt transitions are automatically detected and the presence of potential tipping elements is investigated. These transitions are shown in the PaleoJump database along with other essential information about the records, including location, temporal scale and resolution, as well as temporal plots. This open-source database represents, therefore, a valuable resource for researchers investigating TPs in past climates.

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Late Quaternary Abrupt Climate Change in the Tropics and Sub‐Tropics: The Continental Signal of Tropical Hydroclimatic Events (THEs)

Cited by 16 publications

References 214 publications

Echoes of the Past: Unveiling the Kharga Oasis’ Cultural Heritage and Climate Vulnerability through Millennia

Echoes of the Past: Unveiling the Kharga Oasis’ Cultural Heritage and Climate Vulnerability through Millennia

Paleoenvironmental dynamics in central‐eastern Brazil during the last 23 000 years: tropical peatland record in the Cerrado biome

The PaleoJump database for abrupt transitions in past climates

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