Late Structural Changes in Mouse Coronary Arteries after Iron-Particle Irradiation of the Orbital Region

Yang, Vivian

doi:10.2307/3578202

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Irradiation of the brain with 20 Gy of gamma rays resulted in degenerative changes in the coronary arteries after 180‐720 months 50 . In another study with densely ionizing 56 Fe ions, irradiation of mouse orbital regions with 0.1 or 0.2 Gy of 56 Fe ions resulted in degenerative changes in coronary arteries 51 . Taken together, these studies suggest that both sparsely ionizing radiation (X‐ or gamma rays) and densely ionizing radiation (e.g., Ti or Fe ions) of individual organs exerts an effect on multiple nontargeted organs, including the heart.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irradiation of the kidneys causes pathologic remodeling in the nontargeted heart: A role for the immune system

et al. 2020

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Cardiac disease is a frequent and significant adverse event associated with radiotherapy for cancer. Identifying the underlying mechanism responsible for radiation injury to the heart will allow interventions to be developed. In the present study, we tested if local kidney irradiation results in remodeling of the shielded, nontargeted heart. One kidney, two kidneys, or the total body of male WAG and Dahl SS rats were irradiated with 10 Gy of X-rays. Local kidney irradiation resulted in systemic hypertension, increased BUN, infiltration of T lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and macrophages into the renal cortex and medulla, and renal fibrosis. Local irradiation of kidneys in WAG rats resulted in remodeling in the nontargeted heart after 120 days, manifested by perivascular fibrosis and increased interventricular septal thickness, but was not seen in Dahl SS rats due to a high baseline level of fibrosis in the sham-irradiated animals. Genetic depletion of T cells mitigated the nephropathy after local kidney irradiation, indicating a role for the immune system in mediating this outcome. Local kidney irradiation resulted in a cascade of pro-inflammatory cytokines and low-molecular weight metabolites into the circulation associated with transmission of signals resulting in pathologic remodeling in the nontargeted heart. A new model is proposed whereby radiation-induced cardiac remodeling in susceptible animals is indirect, with lower hemi body organs such as the kidney exporting factors into the circulation that cause remodeling outside of the irradiated field in the shielded, nontargeted heart. This nontargeted effect appears to be mediated, in part, by the immune system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irradiation of the kidneys causes pathologic remodeling in the nontargeted heart: A role for the immune system

et al. 2020

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“…Yang et al observed degenerative changes in coronary arteries from mice after local irradiation with 0.1-0.2 Gy of 56 Fe ions. These changes involved smooth muscle degeneration with fibrosis and accumulation of extracellular matrix in the tunica media (37). In a study by Soucy et al, exposure of rat aortas to 1 Gy of 56 Fe ions led to a significant increase in aortic stiffness and the development of chronic vascular dysfunction by xanthine oxidase (XO)-dependent ROS production and nitroso-redox imbalance, of which the latter has been linked to the development of heart failure (39,42).…”

Section: Microvascular Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Myocardial Disease and Long-Distance Space Travel: Solving the Radiation Problem

Meerman

Gartner

Buikema

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Radiation-induced cardiovascular disease is a well-known complication of radiation exposure. Over the last few years, planning for deep space missions has increased interest in the effects of space radiation on the cardiovascular system, as an increasing number of astronauts will be exposed to space radiation for longer periods of time. Research has shown that exposure to different types of particles found in space radiation can lead to the development of diverse cardiovascular disease via fibrotic myocardial remodeling, accelerated atherosclerosis and microvascular damage. Several underlying mechanisms for radiation-induced cardiovascular disease have been identified, but many aspects of the pathophysiology remain unclear. Existing pharmacological compounds have been evaluated to protect the cardiovascular system from space radiation-induced damage, but currently no radioprotective compounds have been approved. This review critically analyzes the effects of space radiation on the cardiovascular system, the underlying mechanisms and potential countermeasures to space radiation-induced cardiovascular disease.

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“…However, long‐duration spaceflight missions will require humans to live outside the Earth's atmosphere and geomagnetic field. Exposure to a single physical dose of 0.1 or 0.2 Gy of 56 Fe ions, which is equivalent to the radiation dose of the orbital region, has proven to result in degenerative changes in mouse coronary arteries 15 months after exposure to radiation [24]. This suggests that long exposure to Fe ions in space may result in cardiovascular injury later in life, including structural damage to the coronary arteries.…”

Section: Potential Cardiovascular Problems During Long‐duration Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac arrhythmias during long‐duration spaceflights

Anzai

Frey

Nogami

2013

Journal of Arrhythmia

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Few studies have investigated cardiac arrhythmias during spaceflight. Atrial and ventricular premature contractions, short‐duration atrial fibrillation, and non‐sustained ventricular tachycardia were reported by previous spaceflight programs. Some of these arrhythmias occurred following extravehicular activity in space. Arrhythmias during spaceflight are related with hypokalemia, microgravity, changes in the autonomic nervous system, and physical stress. Some astronauts have needed radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial arrhythmias. Future long‐duration spaceflights beyond the Earth's orbit may expose astronauts to significant levels of radiation that affect the coronary arteries. Genetic tests for arrhythmias might be added to the present cardiac screening examinations in the future.

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Late Structural Changes in Mouse Coronary Arteries after Iron-Particle Irradiation of the Orbital Region

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Irradiation of the kidneys causes pathologic remodeling in the nontargeted heart: A role for the immune system

Irradiation of the kidneys causes pathologic remodeling in the nontargeted heart: A role for the immune system

Myocardial Disease and Long-Distance Space Travel: Solving the Radiation Problem

Cardiac arrhythmias during long‐duration spaceflights

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